De Bourdeaudhuij I, te Velde S, Brug J, Due P, Wind M, Sandvik C, Maes L, Wolf A, Perez Rodrigo C, Yngve A, Thorsdottir I, Rasmussen M, Elmadfa I, Franchini B, Klepp K-I
Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, Ghent, Belgium.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2008 Jul;62(7):834-41. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602794. Epub 2007 May 16.
To investigate potential personal, social and physical environmental predictors of daily fruit intake and daily vegetable intake in 11-year-old boys and girls in nine European countries.
The total sample size was 13 305 (90.4% participation rate).
Overall, 43.2% of the children reported to eat fruit every day, 46.1% reported to eat vegetables every day. Daily fruit intake and daily vegetable intake was mainly associated with knowledge of the national recommendations, positive self-efficacy, positive liking and preference, parental modeling and demand and bringing fruit to school (odds ratio between 1.40 and 2.42, P<0.02). These factors were associated fairly consistently with daily fruit intake across all nine European countries, implying that a rather uniform intervention strategy to promote fruit can be used across Europe. For vegetables, the pattern was, however, less consistent. Differences between countries in cooking and preparing vegetables might be responsible for this larger diversity.
This study showed that especially a combination of personal and social factors is related to daily fruit and vegetable intake in schoolchildren. This shows that a comprehensive multilevel intervention strategy based upon a series of individual and social correlates will be most promising in the promotion of daily fruit and vegetable intake in children.
调查九个欧洲国家11岁男孩和女孩每日水果摄入量和每日蔬菜摄入量的潜在个人、社会和物理环境预测因素。
总样本量为13305（参与率90.4%）。
总体而言，43.2%的儿童报告每天吃水果，46.1%的儿童报告每天吃蔬菜。每日水果摄入量和每日蔬菜摄入量主要与国家建议的知晓度、积极的自我效能感、积极的喜爱和偏好、父母的示范和要求以及带水果去学校有关（比值比在1.40至2.42之间，P<0.02）。这些因素在所有九个欧洲国家与每日水果摄入量的关联相当一致，这意味着在欧洲可以采用相当统一的促进水果摄入的干预策略。然而，对于蔬菜来说，这种模式不太一致。各国在烹饪和准备蔬菜方面的差异可能是造成这种较大差异的原因。
本研究表明，尤其是个人和社会因素的结合与学龄儿童的每日水果和蔬菜摄入量有关。这表明基于一系列个人和社会相关因素的综合多层次干预策略在促进儿童每日水果和蔬菜摄入量方面最有前景。
