Jeżewska-Zychowicz Marzena, Małachowska Aleksandra, Sajdakowska Marta
Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), Nowoursynowska 159 C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Military Institute of Medicine-National Research Institute, Zegrzyńska 8, 05-119 Legionowo, Poland.
Nutrients. 2025 Mar 7;17(6):941. doi: 10.3390/nu17060941.
The low intake of fruit and vegetables among the Polish population prompts a search for factors that can be addressed in dietary interventions, such as the family food environment. : The objective of this study is to explore the link between maternal feeding practices applied to children aged 4-10 years and fruit and vegetable intake among children and their mothers. A cross-sectional study using a Computer-Assisted Web Interview technique took place in 2020-2021 among 260 Polish women who were mothers of children aged 4-10. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and multiple linear and logistic regression. The mother's intake of fruit was strongly correlated with the children's intake of fruit (β = 0.309; < 0.001), and a similar correlation was found for vegetable intake (β = 0.428; < 0.001). Apart from the mother's fruit and vegetable intake, the Food as a Reward practice correlated negatively (β = -0.164; = 0.015), while Monitoring (β = 0.158; = 0.017) and Modeling (β = 0.170; = 0.028) correlated positively with vegetable intake in children. The Monitoring practice correlated positively (β = 0.221; < 0.001) with children's fruit intake. After adjusting for the mother's age, child's gender, and mother's recommended intake of fruit and vegetables, the Monitoring practice (OR = 1.971; = 0.025) positively correlated with meeting the daily recommendations of fruit and vegetables in children. However, the Food as a Reward (OR = 0.484; = 0.018) and Emotion Regulation (OR = 0.345; = 0.008) practices negatively correlated with meeting the daily recommendations of fruit and vegetables in children aged 4-6, while the Monitoring practice (OR = 4.141; = 0.017) correlated positively with meeting the daily recommendations of fruit and vegetables in children aged 7-10. The findings have shown that the mother's fruit intake strongly correlates with the child's fruit intake. Moreover, some maternal feeding practices, i.e., the Food as a Reward and Emotion Regulation practices, were negatively associated with meeting fruit and vegetable recommendations in younger children, while the Monitoring practice was positively related to meeting them in older children.
波兰人群中水果和蔬菜摄入量较低，这促使人们寻找可在饮食干预中解决的因素，如家庭饮食环境。本研究的目的是探讨4至10岁儿童的母亲所采用的喂养方式与儿童及其母亲的水果和蔬菜摄入量之间的联系。2020年至2021年期间，采用计算机辅助网络访谈技术对260名4至10岁儿童的波兰母亲进行了一项横断面研究。统计分析包括描述性统计、斯皮尔曼相关系数以及多元线性和逻辑回归。母亲的水果摄入量与儿童的水果摄入量密切相关（β = 0.309；<0.001），蔬菜摄入量也存在类似的相关性（β = 0.428；<0.001）。除了母亲的水果和蔬菜摄入量外，“食物作为奖励”的做法呈负相关（β = -0.164；= 0.015），而“监督”（β = 0.158；= 0.017）和“示范”（β = 0.170；= 0.028）与儿童的蔬菜摄入量呈正相关。“监督”做法与儿童的水果摄入量呈正相关（β = 0.221；<0.001）。在调整了母亲的年龄、孩子的性别以及母亲推荐的水果和蔬菜摄入量后，“监督”做法（OR = 1.971；= 0.025）与儿童达到水果和蔬菜每日推荐量呈正相关。然而，“食物作为奖励”（OR = 0.484；= 0.018）和“情绪调节”（OR = 0.345；= 0.008）做法与4至6岁儿童达到水果和蔬菜每日推荐量呈负相关，而“监督”做法（OR = 4.141；= 0.017）与7至10岁儿童达到水果和蔬菜每日推荐量呈正相关。研究结果表明，母亲的水果摄入量与孩子的水果摄入量密切相关。此外，一些母亲的喂养方式，即“食物作为奖励”和“情绪调节”做法，与年幼儿童达到水果和蔬菜推荐量呈负相关，而“监督”做法与年长儿童达到推荐量呈正相关。
