Sandvik Camilla, De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse, Due Pernille, Brug Johannes, Wind Marianne, Bere Elling, Pérez-Rodrigo Carmen, Wolf Alexandra, Elmadfa Ibrahim, Thórsdóttir Inga, Vaz de Almeida Maria Daniel, Yngve Agneta, Klepp Knut-Inge
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Ann Nutr Metab. 2005 Jul-Aug;49(4):255-66. doi: 10.1159/000087332. Epub 2005 Aug 3.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Children in Europe are consuming less fruit and vegetables than recommended. Knowledge about the potential determinants of fruit and vegetable intake is vital to understand discrepancies in intake and to guide interventions. The aim of the present study was to assess personal, social and environmental factors regarding fruit and vegetable intake among 11- to 12-year-old children in Europe.
A cross-sectional survey was undertaken, with nationally or regionally representative samples of in total 13,305 children (mean age 11.4 years) from nine European countries. Pupils in the classroom completed a self-administered questionnaire measuring fruit and vegetable intake and personal, social and environmental factors during one school lesson. Age-adjusted covariance analyses were carried out by gender, for the full sample and for each country separately. Proportions responding positively to the constructs are presented.
Overall, European children held a positive attitude towards fruit and vegetable intake. For some constructs, large between-country differences were found. Children had a more positive attitude towards fruit than towards vegetables, and girls were on average more positive than boys. The children perceived their social environment as supportive towards fruit and vegetable intake. They reported good to very good availability of fruit and vegetables at home. However, availability at school and during leisure time activities seemed to be low, both for fruit and for vegetables.
A large majority of the children reported positively to the personal and social factors regarding fruit and vegetable intake. As regards availability of fruit and vegetables at school and leisure time, and accessibility of fruit and vegetables at home, there is room for improvement.
背景/目的：欧洲儿童摄入的水果和蔬菜少于推荐量。了解水果和蔬菜摄入量的潜在决定因素对于理解摄入量差异和指导干预措施至关重要。本研究的目的是评估欧洲11至12岁儿童在水果和蔬菜摄入方面的个人、社会和环境因素。
进行了一项横断面调查，从9个欧洲国家选取了总共13305名儿童（平均年龄11.4岁）作为全国或地区代表性样本。课堂上的学生在一节课时间内完成一份自我管理的问卷，该问卷用于测量水果和蔬菜摄入量以及个人、社会和环境因素。对整个样本以及每个国家分别按性别进行年龄调整的协方差分析。呈现对各项指标做出积极回应的比例。
总体而言，欧洲儿童对水果和蔬菜摄入持积极态度。在某些指标方面，发现国家之间存在很大差异。儿童对水果的态度比对蔬菜的态度更积极，并且女孩平均比男孩更积极。孩子们认为他们的社会环境对水果和蔬菜摄入有支持作用。他们报告说家里水果和蔬菜的供应情况良好到非常好。然而，学校和休闲活动期间水果和蔬菜的供应似乎都很少，无论是水果还是蔬菜。
绝大多数儿童对水果和蔬菜摄入的个人和社会因素给出了积极反馈。在学校和休闲时间水果和蔬菜的供应情况以及家里水果和蔬菜的可及性方面，仍有改进空间。
