Roberto Anthony J, Zimmerman Rick S, Carlyle Kellie E, Abner Erin L, Cupp Pamela K, Hansen Gary L
School of Communication, The Ohio State University, OH 43210, USA.
Health Commun. 2007;21(2):115-24. doi: 10.1080/10410230701306990.
A computer-based intervention was designed to change perceived threat, perceived efficacy, attitudes, and knowledge regarding pregnancy, STD, and HIV prevention in rural adolescents. The intervention, which was guided largely by the extended parallel process model (Witte, 1992), was implemented and evaluated in nine rural high schools using an institutional cycle pretest-posttest control-group design (Campbell & Stanley, 1963; Cook & Campbell, 1979). Eight-hundred eighty-seven ninth-graders completed the survey at both points in time. Process evaluation results indicated that the intervention was implemented as intended, and that over 91% of students in the treatment group completed at least one of the six computer-based activities (M = 3.46, SD = 1.44 for those doing at least one activity). Two-way mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed that students in the treatment group outperformed students in the control group on knowledge, condom self-efficacy, attitude toward waiting to have sex, and perceived susceptibility to HIV. These results suggest that computer-based programs may be a cost-effective and easily replicable means of providing teens with basic information and skills necessary to prevent pregnancy, STDs, and HIV.
设计了一种基于计算机的干预措施，旨在改变农村青少年对怀孕、性传播疾病和艾滋病毒预防的感知威胁、感知效能、态度和知识。该干预措施主要以扩展平行过程模型（威特，1992年）为指导，采用机构循环前测-后测对照组设计（坎贝尔和斯坦利，1963年；库克和坎贝尔，1979年）在九所农村高中实施并进行评估。887名九年级学生在两个时间点都完成了调查。过程评估结果表明，干预措施按计划实施，治疗组中超过91%的学生完成了六项基于计算机的活动中的至少一项（至少参加一项活动的学生，M = 3.46，SD = 1.44）。双向混合模型重复测量方差分析显示，治疗组学生在知识、避孕套自我效能、对等待性行为的态度以及对艾滋病毒的感知易感性方面表现优于对照组学生。这些结果表明，基于计算机的项目可能是一种具有成本效益且易于复制的方式，可为青少年提供预防怀孕、性传播疾病和艾滋病毒所需的基本信息和技能。
