Aguilar-Quesada Ana, Sierra-Yagüe Alba, González-Cano-Caballero María, Zafra-Egea José Antonio, Lima-Serrano Marta
Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain.
Catalan Institute of Health, Barcelona, Spain.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2025 Mar;57(2):342-353. doi: 10.1111/jnu.13015. Epub 2024 Aug 8.
The increase in risky sexual behaviors among adolescent students has sparked alarm and has become an area of research interest. As adolescents prioritize confidentiality and accessibility, digital interventions are becoming increasingly relevant in sex education. We therefore posed the following research question: Are digital application interventions effective to prevent risky sexual behaviors in school adolescents?
A systematic peer review was conducted between January and December 2023 in five databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and PsycINFO) without restricting for language or year of publication.
We included randomized control trials or quasi-experimental studies that measured the effectiveness of interventions targeting young people aged 10-19 years or their parents and developed in a school setting. Interventions aimed at young people with intellectual disabilities, learning difficulties, or any disease requiring a specific intervention were excluded.
The search ultimately yielded 27 studies covering a total of 18 digital interventions that demonstrated positive effects, not maintained over time, on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, although the latter to a lesser extent.
We have found very interesting digital interventions with effects, among others, on knowledge, attitudes, and contraceptive use in adolescents. In general, digital interventions have positive effects on knowledge and attitudes, but it is more difficult to modify behaviors with strictly digital interventions or combined with complementary face-to-face sessions or group class activities.
We thus believe that digital interventions are adequate to reduce adolescent sexual risk behaviors, and our systematic review facilitates the implementation of these interventions by sharing existing digital interventions that have had positive effects, as well as the main characteristics a digital intervention should possess to reduce sexually risky behaviors in adolescents.
Digital interventions with adolescents improve sexual behaviors and can be a valuable resource in education on this topic due to their accessibility and confidentiality, two key points for young people.
青少年学生中危险性行为的增加引发了关注，并成为一个研究热点领域。由于青少年重视隐私和获取信息的便利性，数字干预在性教育中变得越来越重要。因此，我们提出了以下研究问题：数字应用干预对预防在校青少年的危险性行为是否有效？
2023年1月至12月期间，在五个数据库（PubMed、科学网、Scopus、EMBASE和PsycINFO）中进行了系统的同行评审，不限语言或出版年份。
我们纳入了随机对照试验或准实验研究，这些研究测量了针对10至19岁青少年或其父母的干预措施的有效性，且干预措施是在学校环境中开展的。针对有智力障碍、学习困难或任何需要特定干预的疾病的青少年的干预措施被排除。
搜索最终产生了27项研究，涵盖了总共18种数字干预措施，这些措施对知识、态度和行为产生了积极影响，但随着时间推移效果未持续，尽管对行为的影响程度较小。
我们发现了一些非常有趣的数字干预措施，它们对青少年的知识、态度和避孕使用等方面有影响。总体而言，数字干预对知识和态度有积极影响，但仅靠严格的数字干预或与面对面补充课程或小组课堂活动相结合来改变行为则更加困难。
因此，我们认为数字干预足以减少青少年的性风险行为，我们的系统评价通过分享已产生积极效果的现有数字干预措施以及数字干预为减少青少年性风险行为应具备的主要特征，促进了这些干预措施的实施。
针对青少年的数字干预改善了性行为，并且由于其可及性和隐私性这两个对年轻人至关重要的因素，在该主题的教育中可以成为宝贵资源。
