Cormery B, Marcil M, Bouvard M
B Cormery, Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
Br J Sports Med. 2008 Jan;42(1):25-30. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.033316. Epub 2007 May 25.
To evaluate, by examining data collected on professional basketball players during a 10-year period, the differences in aerobic capacity in function of the playing position and the impact on these parameters of the change in time regulation of 2000, which shortened the time allowed to attempt a field goal by 6 s and divided the duration of play in four quarters.
Twice a year between 1994 and 2004, professional basketball players (n = 68) were studied for anthropometric characteristics and were submitted to an incremental exercise test on a cycle ergometer. Statistical analyses were carried out to determine the interaction between the playing position and the effect of the change in time regulation on the physiological characteristics of the players.
Anthropometric measurements were different in function of the playing position, the centres being taller and heavier than the forwards and the guards. Guards exhibited the highest Vo(2)max (54.0 (SE 1.6) ml/min/kg) and were the most affected by the change in time regulation of 2000 with a 19.5% increase. Significant main effects of "before" versus "after" rule changes were found for maximal and submaximal O(2) consumption, which were increased by 12.8% at ventilatory threshold, 7.3% at respiratory compensation point and 7.8% at Vo(2)max.
While anthropometric characteristics remained constant during the last decade, the change in rule of 2000 may have contributed in modifying the physiological profile of basketball players, by generally increasing their level of fitness.
通过研究10年间收集的职业篮球运动员数据，评估不同比赛位置的有氧能力差异，以及2000年比赛时间规则变化（将投篮尝试时间缩短6秒，并将比赛时长分为四个小节）对这些参数的影响。
在1994年至2004年期间，每年两次对68名职业篮球运动员进行人体测量学特征研究，并让他们在自行车测力计上进行递增运动测试。进行统计分析以确定比赛位置与时间规则变化对运动员生理特征影响之间的相互作用。
人体测量结果因比赛位置而异，中锋比前锋和后卫更高更重。后卫的最大摄氧量最高（54.0（标准误1.6）毫升/分钟/千克），并且受2000年时间规则变化的影响最大，增加了19.5%。在规则变化前后，最大和次最大耗氧量存在显著的主效应，在通气阈值时增加了12.8%，在呼吸补偿点时增加了7.3%，在最大摄氧量时增加了7.8%。
在过去十年中，人体测量学特征保持不变，但2000年的规则变化可能通过普遍提高篮球运动员的体能水平，对他们的生理特征产生了影响。
