Hofmann Stefan G
Department of Psychology, Boston University, 648 Beacon Street, 6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215-2002, United States.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2008 Feb;28(2):199-210. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2007.04.009. Epub 2007 May 3.
Anxiety disorders are highly prevalent. Fear conditioning and extinction learning in animals often serve as simple models of fear acquisition and exposure therapy of anxiety disorders in humans. This article reviews the empirical and theoretical literature on cognitive processes in fear acquisition, extinction, and exposure therapy. It is concluded that exposure therapy is a form of cognitive intervention that specifically changes the expectancy of harm. Implications for therapy research are discussed.
焦虑症非常普遍。动物中的恐惧条件作用和消退学习常常作为人类恐惧获得和焦虑症暴露疗法的简单模型。本文综述了关于恐惧获得、消退和暴露疗法中认知过程的实证和理论文献。得出的结论是，暴露疗法是一种认知干预形式，它能特别改变对伤害的预期。文中还讨论了对治疗研究的启示。
