Castillo Marisol, Martín-Orúe Susana M, Nofrarías Miquel, Manzanilla Edgar G, Gasa Josep
Animal Nutrition, Management and Welfare Research Group, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Vet Microbiol. 2007 Oct 6;124(3-4):239-47. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.026. Epub 2007 Apr 24.
An experiment was designed to monitor the changes in caecal microbiota associated with early weaning. Twelve piglets (20+/-2 days) from six different litters were selected from a commercial source. For the two experimental groups, one animal from each litter was weaned onto a post-weaning diet (W) and the other remained with the sow (S). After 1 week, animals were sacrificed and caecal samples taken. Microbial counts for total bacteria, enterobacteria and lactobacilli populations were determined by quantitative PCR using SYBR Green dye. Microbial profiles were assessed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-RFLP). Weaning promoted an increase in the enterobacteria:lactobacilli ratio (0.27 versus 1.67 log/log 16S rRNA gene copy number, P=0.05). Total bacteria and richness of the caecal microbial ecosystem (number of peaks) were similar in both experimental groups (49.3 for S and 53.4 for W, respectively, P=0.22), although the band patterns were clearly grouped in two different clusters by dendogram analysis. Weaning was also associated with a decrease in crypt density, an increase in mytotic index and a decrease in the number of goblet cells. A reduced immunological response was also observed and was manifested by an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes and lymphocyte density in the lamina propria. Weaning appears to be critical in the establishment of the caecal microbiota in pigs with important changes, particularly in microbial groups and in caecal mucosal architecture.
设计了一项实验来监测与早期断奶相关的盲肠微生物群变化。从商业来源选取了来自六个不同窝的12头仔猪（20±2日龄）。对于两个实验组，每窝选取一头仔猪断奶并给予断奶后日粮（W组），另一头则继续与母猪在一起（S组）。1周后，处死动物并采集盲肠样本。使用SYBR Green染料通过定量PCR测定总细菌、肠杆菌和乳酸菌群体的微生物数量。通过末端限制性片段长度多态性（t-RFLP）评估微生物谱。断奶促进了肠杆菌与乳酸菌比例的增加（16S rRNA基因拷贝数的对数比为0.27对1.67，P=0.05）。两个实验组的盲肠微生物生态系统的总细菌数和丰富度（峰数）相似（S组为49.3，W组为53.4，P=0.22），尽管通过聚类分析，条带模式明显分为两个不同的簇。断奶还与隐窝密度降低、有丝分裂指数增加和杯状细胞数量减少有关。还观察到免疫反应降低，表现为上皮内淋巴细胞增加和固有层淋巴细胞密度增加。断奶似乎对猪盲肠微生物群的建立至关重要，会产生重要变化，特别是在微生物群和盲肠黏膜结构方面。
