Sitek A, Szkudlarek A, Antoszewski B
School of Anthropology, University of Lodz, Łódź, Poland.
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2007 Feb;66(1):62-8.
This study analyses, using selected somatometric features, secular trend changes which have occurred over a quarter of a century in female and male students of the Medical University of Łódź. The study is based on the results of an anthropometric survey carried out among first-year students who commenced their studies in the academic years 1978/79 (240 females and 193 males), 1982/83 (347 females and 188 males), 1988/89 (178 females and 165 males) and 2003/04 (188 females and 77 males). The following features were examined in all participants in the survey: body height (B-v), the height of the lower body segment measured from a floor base to the crista iliaca at the point on the mid-axillary line (B-ic), shoulder width (a-a), intertrochanteric distance (tro-tro) and resting chest circumference. To compare average values Student's t-test was used with assumptions of equal and unequal variances. To gauge the magnitude of changes in specific features in the course of a quarter of a century a percentage difference in results was calculated for the years 2003/2004 and 1978/1979. The basis for the calculations was the initial value of a feature at the beginning of the period analysed. It was determined that in the 25-year period analysed (1978-2003) the young people commencing studies at the Medical University of Łódź exhibited an acceleration in the height of the lower body segment (B-ic) and of the intertrochanteric distance (tro-tro) and a deceleration in resting chest circumference. Additionally, an increase in shoulder width has been noted in female students; no significant intergenerational changes were noted in body height, although the last 15 years display certain symptoms of deceleration; there is an emerging tendency towards a blurring of the differences in body proportions between the sexes in the environment of the young people studying at the Medical University of Łódź.
本研究利用选定的身体测量特征，分析了罗兹医科大学男女学生在四分之一个世纪里发生的长期趋势变化。该研究基于对1978/79学年（240名女生和193名男生）、1982/83学年（347名女生和188名男生）、1988/89学年（178名女生和165名男生）以及2003/04学年（188名女生和77名男生）入学的一年级学生进行的人体测量调查结果。在所有参与调查者中检查了以下特征：身高（B-v）、从地面基准到腋中线处髂嵴的下半身段高度（B-ic）、肩宽（a-a）、大转子间距离（tro-tro）和静息胸围。为比较平均值，使用了方差相等和不相等假设下的学生t检验。为衡量四分之一个世纪里特定特征的变化幅度，计算了2003/2004年和1978/1979年结果的百分比差异。计算的依据是分析期开始时某一特征的初始值。结果确定，在分析的25年期间（1978 - 2003年），在罗兹医科大学开始学习的年轻人下半身段高度（B-ic）和大转子间距离（tro-tro）出现加速增长，静息胸围出现减速增长。此外，女学生的肩宽有所增加；身高方面未发现显著的代际变化，尽管过去15年显示出一定的减速迹象；在罗兹医科大学学习的年轻人中，男女身体比例差异有逐渐模糊的趋势。
