Bloise Suzanne M, Johnson Marcia K
Department of Psychology, Yale University, P.O. Box 208205, New Haven, CT 06520-8205, USA.
Memory. 2007 Feb;15(2):192-204. doi: 10.1080/09658210701204456.
In studies of autobiographical memory, women typically remember more emotional information than do men. The present study evaluated whether women recall more emotional information than men when the content of an event is controlled. Participants read a script containing emotional and neutral information, under instructions to prepare advice for the characters addressing either interpersonal issues (emotional focus), concrete plans (neutral focus), or with no particular topic suggested (undirected focus). After writing out advice, on a surprise memory test women recalled more emotional information than men in all focus conditions with no deficit in neutral recall. Women recalled more neutral information than men in the neutral focus condition. A measure of emotional sensitivity mediated the gender difference in emotional recall suggesting that memory for emotional information is not solely a function of gender.
在自传体记忆的研究中，女性通常比男性能记住更多的情感信息。本研究评估了在事件内容得到控制的情况下，女性是否比男性回忆起更多的情感信息。参与者阅读了一份包含情感和中性信息的脚本，并按照指示为处理人际问题（情感焦点）、具体计划（中性焦点）或未提及特定主题（无定向焦点）的角色准备建议。在写出建议后，在一次突击记忆测试中，女性在所有焦点条件下都比男性回忆起更多的情感信息，并且在中性信息回忆方面没有缺陷。在中性焦点条件下，女性比男性回忆起更多的中性信息。情感敏感度的一项测量调节了情感回忆中的性别差异，这表明对情感信息的记忆不仅仅是性别的作用。
