Mahajan Rajeev, Blair Aaron, Coble Joseph, Lynch Charles F, Hoppin Jane A, Sandler Dale P, Alavanja Michael C R
Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Int J Cancer. 2007 Oct 15;121(8):1799-805. doi: 10.1002/ijc.22836.
Carbaryl is a carbamate insecticide with a broad spectrum of uses in agricultural, commercial and household settings. It has previously been linked with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) but studies of cancer risk in humans are limited. We examined occupational carbaryl use and risk of all cancers in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective study of a cohort of pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa. This analysis included 21,416 subjects (1,291 cases) enrolled from 1993-1997 and followed for cancer incidence through 2003. Pesticide exposure and other data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) while controlling for potential confounders. Carbaryl was not associated with cancer risk overall. Relative to subjects who never used carbaryl, melanoma risk was elevated with >175 lifetime exposure-days (RR = 4.11; 95%CI, 1.33-12.75; p-trend = 0.07), >10 years of use (RR = 3.19; 95%CI, 1.28-7.92; p-trend = 0.04), or >or=10 days of use per year (RR = 5.50; 95%CI, 2.19-13.84; p-trend < 0.001). Risk remained after adjusting for sunlight exposure. Although not significant, there appeared to be a trend of decreasing prostate cancer risk with increasing level of exposure. A small increase in NHL risk was observed using some, but not all, exposure measures. No associations were observed with other examined cancer sites. Because the observed results were not hypothesized a priori and because of limited study of their biological plausibility, they should be interpreted with caution.
西维因是一种氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂，在农业、商业和家庭环境中有广泛用途。此前它被认为与非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）有关，但关于其对人类癌症风险的研究有限。我们在农业健康研究中调查了职业性使用西维因与所有癌症风险之间的关系，该研究是对北卡罗来纳州和爱荷华州一组农药施用者进行的前瞻性队列研究。这项分析纳入了1993年至1997年招募的21416名受试者（1291例病例），并对他们随访至2003年以了解癌症发病率。使用自行填写的问卷收集农药暴露及其他数据。在控制潜在混杂因素的同时，采用泊松回归计算率比（RRs）和95%置信区间（CIs）。总体而言，西维因与癌症风险无关。与从未使用过西维因的受试者相比，终生暴露天数>175天（RR = 4.11；95%CI，1.33 - 12.75；p趋势 = 0.07）、使用时间>10年（RR = 3.19；95%CI，1.28 - 7.92；p趋势 = 0.04）或每年使用天数≥10天（RR = 5.50；95%CI，2.19 - 13.84；p趋势<0.001）时，黑色素瘤风险升高。在调整阳光暴露因素后，风险依然存在。虽然不显著，但随着暴露水平的增加，前列腺癌风险似乎有下降趋势。使用部分但并非所有暴露测量方法时，观察到NHL风险有小幅增加。在其他检查的癌症部位未观察到关联。由于观察到的结果并非事先假设，且对其生物学合理性研究有限，因此应谨慎解读这些结果。
