Solomon Zahava, Horesh Danny
Adler Research Center for Child Welfare and Protection, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2007 Apr;77(2):182-8. doi: 10.1037/0002-9432.77.2.182.
This study assesses differences in PTSD rates according to different sets of diagnostic criteria. Two samples have been studied: one comprised of 286 combat stress reaction (CSR) casualties and 218 non-CSR veterans from the Lebanon war (Study 1); the other of 95 ex-POWs and 101 non-POWs from the Yom Kipur war (Study 2). Participants were administered two versions of the PTSD inventory based on different Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) editions: DSM-III and DSM-IV in Study 1 and DSM-III-R and DSM-IV in Study 2. PTSD rates declined when criteria of more recent DSM editions were applied. In addition, findings clearly demonstrate the importance of the dysfunction criterion (F) in PTSD. The highly complex nature of the PTSD diagnosis is discussed, as well as the important role of dysfunction and distress.
本研究根据不同的诊断标准集评估创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）发生率的差异。研究了两个样本：一个样本由黎巴嫩战争中的286名战斗应激反应（CSR）伤员和218名非CSR退伍军人组成（研究1）；另一个样本由赎罪日战争中的95名前战俘和101名非战俘组成（研究2）。基于不同版次的《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM），对参与者进行了两个版本的PTSD量表测试：研究1中使用的是DSM-III和DSM-IV，研究2中使用的是DSM-III-R和DSM-IV。当采用最新版DSM的标准时，PTSD发生率下降。此外，研究结果清楚地表明了功能障碍标准（F）在PTSD中的重要性。文中讨论了PTSD诊断的高度复杂性，以及功能障碍和痛苦的重要作用。
