Redpath Jillyanne
International Organization for Migration, International Migration Law and Legal Affairs Department, 17 Route des Morillons, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 2007;43(1):27-35.
This paper will focus on the impact of the rapid expansion in the use of biometric systems in migration management on the rights of individuals; it seeks to highlight legal issues for consideration in implementing such systems, taking as the starting point that the security interests of the state and the rights of the individual are not, and should not be, mutually exclusive. The first part of this paper briefly describes the type of biometric applications available, how biometric systems function, and those used in migration management. The second part examines the potential offered by biometrics for greater security in migration management, and focuses on developments in the use of biometrics as a result of September 11. The third part discusses the impact of the use of biometrics in the management of migration on the individual's right to privacy and ability to move freely and lawfully. The paper highlights the increasing need for domestic and international frameworks to govern the use of biometric applications in the migration/security context, and proposes a number of issues that such frameworks could address.
本文将聚焦生物识别系统在移民管理中迅速扩展的应用对个人权利的影响；旨在突出实施此类系统时需考虑的法律问题，出发点是国家的安全利益与个人权利并非且不应相互排斥。本文第一部分简要介绍了可用的生物识别应用类型、生物识别系统的运作方式以及在移民管理中使用的系统。第二部分探讨了生物识别技术为加强移民管理安全带来的潜力，并着重介绍了“9·11”事件后生物识别技术的应用发展。第三部分讨论了生物识别技术在移民管理中的应用对个人隐私权以及自由合法行动能力的影响。本文强调，日益需要国内和国际框架来管理生物识别技术在移民/安全领域的应用，并提出了此类框架可解决的若干问题。
