Johnson H Durell, Brady Evelyn, McNair Renae, Congdon Darcy, Niznik Jamie, Anderson Samantha
Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, 120 Ridge View Drive, Dunmore, Pennsylvania 18512, USA.
Adolescence. 2007 Spring;42(165):1-23.
Closeness is an integral aspect of friendships, and males and females differ in their closeness experiences within these relationships. However, identity development and friendship type (e.g., same-sex versus cross-sex friendships) may moderate these gender differences. In an attempt to clarify the relationships among gender, identity, and friendship closeness, the current study examined gender and identity associations with reported emotional closeness in emerging adults' same- and cross-sex friendships. Responses from 181 college undergraduates (89 males and 92 females) indicated similar levels of emotional closeness reported for same- and cross-sex friendships. Results also indicated overall identity commitment and friendship identity commitment associations with same-sex friendship closeness. Examination of closeness reports for cross-sex friends revealed a significant association with overall identity commitment for emerging adult males. A significant association was not indicated for emerging adult females. The associations between identity and emotional closeness in same-sex friendships and male cross-sex friendships support previous studies that report differences in the role of these relationships for emerging adult males and females. Findings are discussed in terms of understanding the gender and identity differences in emerging adults' reports of friendship closeness.
亲密是友谊不可或缺的一部分，男性和女性在这些关系中的亲密体验存在差异。然而，身份认同发展和友谊类型（如同性友谊与异性友谊）可能会调节这些性别差异。为了阐明性别、身份认同和友谊亲密程度之间的关系，本研究考察了新兴成年人同性和异性友谊中性别与身份认同和所报告的情感亲密程度之间的关联。181名大学生（89名男性和92名女性）的回答表明，同性和异性友谊所报告的情感亲密程度相似。结果还表明，总体身份认同承诺和友谊身份认同承诺与同性友谊亲密程度有关联。对异性朋友亲密程度报告的考察发现，新兴成年男性的总体身份认同承诺与之存在显著关联。而新兴成年女性则未显示出显著关联。同性友谊和男性异性友谊中身份认同与情感亲密程度之间的关联支持了先前的研究，这些研究报告了这些关系在新兴成年男性和女性中所起作用的差异。研究结果从理解新兴成年人友谊亲密程度报告中的性别和身份认同差异的角度进行了讨论。
