Bentzel David E, Bacon David J
Laboratory Animal Program, Naval Medical Research Center Detachment, Lima, Peru.
Comp Med. 2007 Apr;57(2):206-9.
Trypanoxyuris microon is a pinworm that infects New World nonhuman primates, including Aotus nancymae. Although it typically is clinically insignificant, infection may serve as a significant variable during experimental data analysis. In this study we sought to determine the most effective anthelmintic therapy for eradication of T. microon infection in A. nancymae. Animals confirmed to be infected with T. microon by perianal tape test were treated twice (on days 0 and 14) with pyrantel pamoate, ivermectin, or thiabendazole and evaluated for eggs by daily perianal tape test throughout the entire 28-d period. Successful clearance of eggs was defined as 5 consecutive negative perianal tape tests. Pyrantel pamoate and ivermectin were significantly more effective at egg clearance than were thiabendazole and no treatment. Overall, 100% of the pyrantel pamoate and ivermectin treatment groups were cleared of infection after 2 treatments, whereas only 60% of the thiabendazole group became negative for pinworm eggs. In addition, the time after treatment until clearance was 1 to 2 d for pyrantel pamoate, 2 to 4 d for thiabendazole, and 4 to 6.5 d for ivermectin. These results indicate that pyrantel pamoate was the most effective and rapidly acting anthelmintic for the treatment of adult T. microon infection, with ivermectin as a suitable alternative. However because of the potential for continued development of immature stages or reinfection, anthelmintic doses should be repeated after 1 to 2 wk, in combination with effective environmental sanitation.
微小管尾线虫是一种感染新大陆非人灵长类动物（包括南希夜猴）的蛲虫。虽然它通常在临床上无显著意义，但在实验数据分析过程中，感染可能是一个重要变量。在本研究中，我们试图确定根除南希夜猴体内微小管尾线虫感染的最有效驱虫疗法。通过肛周胶带试验确诊感染微小管尾线虫的动物，分别用噻嘧啶、伊维菌素或噻苯达唑进行两次治疗（第0天和第14天），并在整个28天期间通过每日肛周胶带试验评估虫卵情况。虫卵成功清除的定义为连续5次肛周胶带试验呈阴性。噻嘧啶和伊维菌素在清除虫卵方面明显比噻苯达唑和不治疗更有效。总体而言，两次治疗后，噻嘧啶和伊维菌素治疗组100%的感染被清除，而噻苯达唑组只有60%的蛲虫卵转阴。此外，治疗后至清除虫卵的时间，噻嘧啶为1至2天，噻苯达唑为2至4天，伊维菌素为4至6.5天。这些结果表明，噻嘧啶是治疗微小管尾线虫成虫感染最有效且起效最快的驱虫药，伊维菌素是合适的替代药物。然而，由于未成熟阶段可能持续发育或再次感染，应在1至2周后重复使用驱虫药剂量，并结合有效的环境卫生措施。
