Pobric Gorana, Schweinberger Stefan R, Lavidor Michal
Department of Psychology, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.
J Cogn Neurosci. 2007 Jun;19(6):1013-20. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2007.19.6.1013.
Recent evidence suggests that priming of objects across different images (abstract priming) and priming of specific images of an object (form-specific priming) are mediated by dissociable neural processing subsystems that operate in parallel and are predominantly linked to left and right hemispheric processing, respectively [Marsolek, C. J. Dissociable neural subsystems underlie abstract and specific object recognition. Psychological Science, 10, 111-118, 1999]. Previous brain imaging studies have provided important information about the neuroanatomical regions that are involved in form-specific and abstract priming; however, these techniques did not fully establish the functional significance of priming-related changes in cortical brain activity. Here, we used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in order to establish the functional role of the right occipital cortex in form-specific priming [Kroll, N. E. A., Yonelinas, A. P., Kishiyama, M. M., Baynes, K., Knight, R. T., & Gazzaniga, M. S. The neural substrates of visual implicit memory: Do the two hemispheres play different roles? Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 15, 833-842, 2003]. Compared to no TMS and sham TMS, rTMS of the right occipital cortex disrupted immediate form-specific priming in a semantic categorization task. Left occipital rTMS, on the other hand, had no converse effect on abstractive priming. Abstract priming may involve deeper semantic processing and may be unresponsive to magnetic stimulation of a single cortical locus. Our TMS results show that form-specific priming relies on a visual word-form system localized in the right occipital lobe, in line with the predictions from divided visual field behavioral studies [Marsolek, 1999].
近期证据表明，跨不同图像的物体启动（抽象启动）和物体特定图像的启动（形式特定启动）由可分离的神经处理子系统介导，这些子系统并行运作，分别主要与左、右半球处理相关联[马斯洛雷克，C. J. 可分离的神经子系统构成抽象和特定物体识别的基础。《心理科学》，10，111 - 118，1999]。先前的脑成像研究提供了有关参与形式特定启动和抽象启动的神经解剖区域的重要信息；然而，这些技术并未完全确立与启动相关的皮质脑活动变化的功能意义。在此，我们使用重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）来确定右枕叶皮质在形式特定启动中的功能作用[克罗尔，N. E. A.，约内利纳斯，A. P.，岸山，M. M.，贝恩斯，K.，奈特，R. T.，& 加扎尼加，M. S. 视觉内隐记忆的神经基础：两个半球发挥不同作用吗？《认知神经科学杂志》，15，833 - 842，2003]。与无TMS和假TMS相比，右枕叶皮质的rTMS在语义分类任务中破坏了即时形式特定启动。另一方面，左枕叶rTMS对抽象启动没有相反作用。抽象启动可能涉及更深层次的语义处理，可能对单个皮质位点的磁刺激无反应。我们的TMS结果表明，形式特定启动依赖于位于右枕叶的视觉词形系统，这与来自视野分离行为研究[马斯洛雷克，1999]的预测一致。
