van Lier Pol A C, van der Ende Jan, Koot Hans M, Verhulst Frank C
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2007 Jun;48(6):601-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01724.x.
To assess the co-occurrence in deviant trajectories of parent-rated symptoms of conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from age 4 to 18 years old in a general population sample of Dutch children.
Developmental trajectories of CD, ODD, and ADHD were estimated in a sample of 1,016 males and 1,060 females. Children's disruptive problem behaviors were rated at 5 time-points. The co-occurrence patterns between the deviant CD trajectory, and the high ODD and high ADHD trajectory were studied for males and females separately.
Four percent of males and 2% of females followed a deviant CD trajectory. Six percent of the sample followed a high ODD trajectory, and 5% a high ADHD trajectory. Engagement in the deviant CD trajectory was predicted by ODD and ADHD in females, but only by ODD in males.
Although ADHD co-occurs with CD, the association between ADHD and CD is largely accounted for by accompanying ODD. Gender differences should be taken into account in understanding the onset of CD.
在荷兰儿童的一般人群样本中，评估4至18岁儿童中父母评定的品行障碍（CD）、对立违抗障碍（ODD）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状异常轨迹的共现情况。
在1016名男性和1060名女性样本中估计CD、ODD和ADHD的发展轨迹。在5个时间点对儿童的破坏性行为问题进行评分。分别研究了男性和女性中异常CD轨迹与高ODD轨迹和高ADHD轨迹之间的共现模式。
4%的男性和2%的女性遵循异常CD轨迹。6%的样本遵循高ODD轨迹，5%遵循高ADHD轨迹。女性中ODD和ADHD可预测其参与异常CD轨迹，但男性中仅ODD可预测。
尽管ADHD与CD共现，但ADHD和CD之间的关联很大程度上由伴随的ODD所解释。在理解CD的发病时应考虑性别差异。
