University of Cambridge, UK.
University of Edinburgh, Scotland.
J Atten Disord. 2020 Jan;24(1):113-125. doi: 10.1177/1087054718790588. Epub 2018 Aug 22.
Substantial individual variation exists in the age of onset and course of ADHD symptoms over development. We evaluated whether, within this variation, meaningful developmental subtypes can be defined. Using growth mixture modeling in a community-based sample ( = 1,571), we analyzed ADHD symptom trajectories based on measures taken at ages 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, and 15 years. We evaluated whether those showing developmental trajectories characterized by later onsets versus early onsets differed in terms of mental health and behavioral outcomes in late adolescence (age 17 years). The late onset category was best conceptualized as a milder subtype than early onset. The former was, however, more similar in outcomes to the latter than to the unaffected category, suggesting that later onsets are still associated with impairment. Considering diagnoses for those affected by ADHD symptoms but who do not meet current age of onset criteria may be important for ensuring that they receive appropriate support.
个体在注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的发病年龄和病程上存在很大差异。我们评估了在这种变异性中是否可以定义有意义的发展亚型。我们在一个基于社区的样本中使用增长混合物建模（n=1571），根据 7、8、9、10、11、13 和 15 岁时的测量结果分析了 ADHD 症状轨迹。我们评估了那些表现出以较晚发作为特征的发展轨迹与以较早发作为特征的轨迹在青少年晚期（17 岁）的心理健康和行为结果方面是否存在差异。晚发类别最好被概念化为比早发更轻微的亚型。然而，前者与后者的结果更相似，而不是与未受影响的类别相似，这表明较晚的发病仍与损害有关。对于那些受 ADHD 症状影响但不符合当前发病年龄标准的人，考虑诊断可能对于确保他们获得适当的支持很重要。
