Iwasaki Mariko, Sato Itaru, Jin Yihe, Saito Norimitsu, Tsuda Shuji
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Iwate University, Ueda, Morioka, Japan.
J Toxicol Sci. 2007 May;32(2):179-84. doi: 10.2131/jts.32.179.
The positive list system became effective from May 29, 2006 to improve the regulation of residual agricultural chemicals (pesticides, feed additives and veterinary drugs) in foods. In accordance with the system, we investigated pesticide residues in 50 agricultural products purchased in Morioka city from March to November 2006. Analyses were performed according to the "Multiresidue Method for Agricultural Chemicals by GC/MS", the Notice of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Five pesticides and two non-agricultural chemicals were detected from 16 samples. Ortho-phenylphenol (OPP) was detected from 8 samples: immature pea, snap bean, kiwi, plain-boiled bamboo shoot, mango, white asparagus, lemon and domestic shiitake mushroom. Maximum residue limits (MRLs) have not been established for these products, and they exceeded the uniform level of 0.01 ppm. DDT was detected from Philippines banana (0.30 ppm) and Korean paprika (0.45 ppm). The residual level in Philippines banana was lower than the MRL, but Korean paprika exceeded its MRL. Chlorpyrifos, Thiabendazole and Imazaril were detected from citrus imported from the U.S.A., but their residue levels were lower than the respective MRLs. Aniline and 2-pyrrolidone were detected from several imported products. These two may not be regulated by the positive list system because they are not agricultural chemicals, although their derivatives are used as pesticides or veterinary drugs. Three problems have been revealed from this survey: 1) application of the uniform level to minor agricultural products, 2) residues of non-agricultural chemicals whose toxicity is uncertain, 3) metabolites of agricultural chemicals, which are also regulated by the positive list system, have not been clearly defined.
肯定列表制度于2006年5月29日起生效，旨在加强对食品中农业化学品残留（农药、饲料添加剂和兽药）的监管。根据该制度，我们于2006年3月至11月对在盛冈市购买的50种农产品中的农药残留进行了调查。分析按照厚生劳动省通知的《气相色谱/质谱法多残留农药分析方法》进行。从16个样品中检测出5种农药和2种非农业化学品。在8个样品中检测出邻苯基苯酚（OPP）：嫩豌豆、菜豆、猕猴桃、水煮笋、芒果、白芦笋、柠檬和国产香菇。这些产品尚未制定最大残留限量（MRL），且超过了0.01 ppm的统一限量。在菲律宾香蕉（0.30 ppm）和韩国甜椒（0.45 ppm）中检测出滴滴涕。菲律宾香蕉中的残留量低于最大残留限量，但韩国甜椒超过了最大残留限量。从美国进口的柑橘中检测出毒死蜱、噻菌灵和抑霉唑，但其残留量低于各自的最大残留限量。在几种进口产品中检测出苯胺和2-吡咯烷酮。这两种物质可能不受肯定列表制度的监管，因为它们不是农业化学品，尽管它们的衍生物用作农药或兽药。本次调查揭示了三个问题：1）对小众农产品适用统一限量；2）毒性不确定的非农业化学品残留；3）肯定列表制度也对其进行监管的农业化学品代谢物尚未明确界定。
