Comyns Thomas M, Harrison Andrew J, Hennessy Liam, Jensen Randall L
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
Sports Biomech. 2007 Jan;6(1):59-70. doi: 10.1080/14763140601058540.
Alternating a resistance exercise with a plyometric exercise is referred to as "complex training". In this study, we examined the effect of various resistive loads on the biomechanics of performance of a fast stretch-shortening cycle activity to determine if an optimal resistive load exists for complex training. Twelve elite rugby players performed three drop jumps before and after three back squat resistive loads of 65%, 80%, and 93% of a single repetition maximum (1-RM) load. All drop jumps were performed on a specially constructed sledge and force platform apparatus. Flight time, ground contact time, peak ground reaction force, reactive strength index, and leg stiffness were the dependent variables. Repeated-measures analysis of variance found that all resistive loads reduced (P < 0.01) flight time, and that lifting at the 93% load resulted in an improvement (P < 0.05) in ground contact time and leg stiffness. From a training perspective, the results indicate that the heavy lifting will encourage the fast stretch-shortening cycle activity to be performed with a stiffer leg spring action, which in turn may benefit performance. However, it is unknown if these acute changes will produce any long-term adaptations to muscle function.
将抗阻训练与增强式训练交替进行被称为“复合训练”。在本研究中，我们研究了不同抗阻负荷对快速拉长-缩短周期活动表现的生物力学影响，以确定复合训练是否存在最佳抗阻负荷。12名精英橄榄球运动员在相当于单次重复最大负荷（1-RM）的65%、80%和93%的三种后深蹲抗阻负荷前后各进行了三次纵跳。所有纵跳均在特制的雪橇和测力平台装置上进行。飞行时间、地面接触时间、地面峰值反作用力、反应力量指数和腿部刚度为因变量。重复测量方差分析发现，所有抗阻负荷均缩短了（P < 0.01）飞行时间，且以93%的负荷进行举重训练可改善（P < 0.05）地面接触时间和腿部刚度。从训练角度来看，结果表明大重量举重训练会促使快速拉长-缩短周期活动以更僵硬的腿部弹性动作进行，这反过来可能有利于提高表现。然而，尚不清楚这些急性变化是否会对肌肉功能产生任何长期适应性改变。
