1Center for Exercise and Sports Science Research, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; and 2Department of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
J Strength Cond Res. 2014 Feb;28(2):373-80. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31829999af.
A common suggestion is that a predetermined level of maximal leg strength is required before drop jump (DJ) training can begin. This study sought to examine the relationship between maximal squat strength (1 repetition maximum [RM]) and DJ performance in 15 female rugby players (n = 15). The subjects were tested for 1RM, countermovement jump, squat jump, and DJs from 0.24, 0.36, 0.48, 0.60, 0.72, and 0.84 m. Jump height (JH) was calculated for all jumps and relative peak eccentric force, relative peak concentric force, ground contact time (GCT), and reactive strength index were also calculated for DJs. Pearson correlations were used to examine the relationship between 1RM relative to body mass (BM) (1RM/BM) and JHs, reactive strength index, and GCT during DJs. The subjects were placed in a high strength (HS) or low strength (LS) group depending on whether or not their 1RM/BM was >1 or <1. The T-tests and 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compare the groups. A Fishers post hoc test was used for the ANOVA with significance set at p < 0.05. A large correlation between JH and 1RM/BM was shown at the 0.84-m dropping height (r = 0.56). A significant overall difference was found between the HS and LS groups for DJ JH with a post hoc analysis revealing a significant difference at the 0.84-m drop height (p = 0.029). It is likely beneficial for female athletes to achieve high levels of maximal leg strength if they are going to use high (>0.8-m) drop heights when performing DJs.
一种常见的建议是，在进行纵跳训练之前，需要达到预先设定的最大腿部力量水平。本研究旨在探讨 15 名女性橄榄球运动员的最大深蹲力量（1 次重复最大值 [1RM]）与纵跳表现之间的关系（n=15）。对受试者进行 1RM、反向跳跃、深蹲跳跃和 0.24、0.36、0.48、0.60、0.72 和 0.84 m 的纵跳测试。所有跳跃的跳跃高度（JH）均进行了计算，同时还计算了 DJ 的相对峰值离心力、相对峰值向心力、地面接触时间（GCT）和反应强度指数。使用皮尔逊相关分析来检验 1RM 与体重（BM）的比值（1RM/BM）与 JH、反应强度指数和 DJ 期间 GCT 之间的关系。根据受试者的 1RM/BM 是否大于 1 或小于 1，将其分为高强度（HS）或低强度（LS）组。使用 T 检验和 2 因素方差分析（ANOVA）来比较组间差异。对于 ANOVA，使用 Fisher 事后检验，显著性水平设置为 p < 0.05。在 0.84 m 下落高度处，JH 与 1RM/BM 之间显示出较大的相关性（r = 0.56）。HS 和 LS 组之间的 DJ JH 存在显著的总体差异，事后分析显示在 0.84 m 下落高度存在显著差异（p = 0.029）。如果女性运动员在进行纵跳时要使用较高（>0.8 m）的下落高度，那么达到高水平的最大腿部力量可能对她们是有益的。
