Tobin John
St Bricins Military Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Med Confl Surviv. 2007 Apr-Jun;23(2):111-24. doi: 10.1080/13623690701248096.
Following the development of the International Criminal Court (ICC) the mental state of the perpetrators of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes will become a more important issue in regard to defence and mitigating factors. This article examines how the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in particular has dealt with the mental illness defence to date, and how its judgements can serve as guidance for the ICC as it becomes the major international court of the future. The absence of a mental health defence in the Statutes of the ICTY and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda has led to a reliance on the Rules of Procedure and Evidence of the two tribunals. There are major difficulties in using the mental health defence as it is defined in the Statutes of the ICC because of a requirement for the destruction of mental capacity as a valid defence. Fitness to plead and the defence of intoxication are also examined.
随着国际刑事法院（ICC）的发展，种族灭绝罪、危害人类罪和战争罪犯罪者的心理状态在辩护和减轻处罚因素方面将成为一个更为重要的问题。本文探讨了前南斯拉夫问题国际刑事法庭（ICTY）到目前为止是如何处理精神疾病辩护的，以及其判决如何能在ICC成为未来主要国际法院时为其提供指导。前南问题国际法庭和卢旺达问题国际刑事法庭的规约中没有精神健康辩护的规定，这导致对这两个法庭的程序和证据规则产生了依赖。由于作为有效辩护需要精神能力丧失，因此在使用国际刑事法院规约中所定义的精神健康辩护时存在重大困难。还对答辩能力和醉酒辩护进行了探讨。
