Zepeda Ortega Benjamín, Rosas Vargas Miguel Angel, Ito Tsuchiya Fernando Mitsutoshi, del Río Navarro Blanca Estela, Sienra Monge Juan José Luis
Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez.
Rev Alerg Mex. 2007 Mar-Apr;54(2):41-53.
Allergic conjunctivitis is a group of diseases that are frequent in childhood, associated to several allergic diseases affecting the ocular surface. It is related to type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. Two acute disorders: seasonal allergic conjunctivitis and perennial allergic conjunctivitis, exist, as do three chronic diseases: vernal keratoconjunctivitis, atopic keratoconjunctivitis and giant papillary conjunctivitis. The ocular surface inflammation causes itching, tearing, lid and conjunctival edema-redness, and photophobia during the acute phase and can lead to a classic late-phase response (associated to eosinophilia and neutrophilia) in a subset of individuals. As in the case of several chronic allergic diseases, it can remodel the ocular surface tissue. This allergic disease is very frequent. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis could produce corneal lesions and visual illness; however, atopic keratoconjunctivitis does not permanently affect the vision. The aim of this review is to provide a current overview for a better understanding of the symptoms associated to this disease, to describe its classification, recent advances in its physiopathology and its treatment.
过敏性结膜炎是一组在儿童期常见的疾病，与影响眼表的多种过敏性疾病相关。它与1型超敏反应有关。存在两种急性疾病：季节性过敏性结膜炎和常年性过敏性结膜炎，以及三种慢性疾病：春季角结膜炎、特应性角结膜炎和巨乳头性结膜炎。眼表炎症在急性期会引起瘙痒、流泪、眼睑和结膜水肿-发红以及畏光，并可能在一部分个体中导致典型的迟发性反应（与嗜酸性粒细胞增多和中性粒细胞增多有关）。与几种慢性过敏性疾病一样，它会重塑眼表组织。这种过敏性疾病非常常见。春季角结膜炎可导致角膜病变和视力问题；然而，特应性角结膜炎不会永久性影响视力。本综述的目的是提供当前概述，以便更好地了解与该疾病相关的症状，描述其分类、病理生理学的最新进展及其治疗方法。
