Chiu Y T, Chiu C P, Chien J T, Ho G H, Yang J, Chen B H
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Fu Jen University, Taipei 242, Taiwan.
J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Jun 27;55(13):5123-30. doi: 10.1021/jf0700069. Epub 2007 Jun 2.
Tomato pulp waste, a byproduct obtained during the processing of tomato juice, has been shown to be a rich source of lycopene. The objectives of this study were to use gelatin and poly(gamma-glutamic acid) (gamma-PGA) as coating materials for the encapsulation of lycopene extract from tomato pulp waste. Initially, lycopene was extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide, followed by microencapsulation using an emulsion system consisting of 4.5% gelatin, 10% gamma-PGA, and 4.8% lycopene extract. Analysis of differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the thermal stability of the coating material could be up to 120 degrees C, with a mean particle size of 38.7 microm based on Coulter counter analysis. The total weight of microencapsulated powder was 617 microg with the yield of lycopene being 76.5%, indicating a 23.5% loss during freeze drying. During storage of microencapsulated powder, the concentrations of cis-, trans-, and total lycopene decreased along with increasing time and temperature. A fast release of lycopene in the powder occurred at pH 5.5 and 7.0, while no lycopene was released at pH 2.0 and 3.5.
番茄浆渣是番茄汁加工过程中产生的一种副产品，已被证明是番茄红素的丰富来源。本研究的目的是使用明胶和聚（γ-谷氨酸）（γ-PGA）作为包封材料，用于包封从番茄浆渣中提取的番茄红素。首先，用超临界二氧化碳提取番茄红素，然后使用由4.5%明胶、10%γ-PGA和4.8%番茄红素提取物组成的乳液体系进行微胶囊化。差示扫描量热法分析表明，包衣材料的热稳定性可达120℃，基于库尔特计数器分析，平均粒径为38.7微米。微胶囊化粉末的总重量为617微克，番茄红素的产率为76.5%，表明冷冻干燥过程中有23.5%的损失。在微胶囊化粉末的储存过程中，顺式、反式和总番茄红素的浓度随着时间和温度的升高而降低。粉末中的番茄红素在pH值为5.5和7.0时快速释放，而在pH值为2.0和3.5时没有番茄红素释放。
