Stelekati Erietta, Orinska Zane, Bulfone-Paus Silvia
Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Research Center Borstel, Parkallee 22, D-23845 Borstel, Germany.
Immunobiology. 2007;212(6):505-19. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2007.03.012. Epub 2007 May 7.
The function of mast cells as effector cells in allergy has been extensively studied. However, increasing insight into mast cell physiology has revealed new mast cell functions and has introduced mast cells as key players in the regulation of innate as well as adaptive immunity. For example, mast cells have recently been found to express Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which enable them to participate in the innate immune response against pathogens. Furthermore, mast cells have been reported to interact with B cells, dendritic cells and T cells and thereby modulate the direction of an adaptive immune response. Finally, recent documentation that mast cells express functional MHC class II and costimulatory molecules and release immunologically active exosomes, has raised the possibility that mast cells also engage in (as yet) poorly understood antigen presentation functions. In this review, we explore the hypothesis that mast cells serve as central mediators between innate and adaptive immunity, rather as pure effector cells, during allergic innate responses.
肥大细胞作为效应细胞在过敏反应中的作用已得到广泛研究。然而，对肥大细胞生理学的深入了解揭示了肥大细胞的新功能，并将肥大细胞引入到先天性免疫和适应性免疫调节的关键参与者中。例如，最近发现肥大细胞表达Toll样受体（TLR），这使它们能够参与针对病原体的先天性免疫反应。此外，据报道肥大细胞与B细胞、树突状细胞和T细胞相互作用，从而调节适应性免疫反应的方向。最后，最近有文献证明肥大细胞表达功能性MHC II类分子和共刺激分子并释放具有免疫活性的外泌体，这增加了肥大细胞也参与（目前）尚未完全理解的抗原呈递功能的可能性。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了这样一种假说，即在过敏性先天性反应中，肥大细胞作为先天性免疫和适应性免疫之间的中枢介质，而不是单纯的效应细胞。
