Salhofer Stefan, Schneider Felicitas, Obersteiner Gudrun
BOKU University Vienna, Institute of Waste Management, Muthgasse 107, A-1190 Vienna, Austria.
Waste Manag. 2007;27(8):S47-57. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.02.025.
With the development of modern waste management systems in Western Europe, a remarkable increase in the distances for waste transportation has been observed. The question thus arises whether recycling with longer transport distances is ecologically advantageous or whether disposal without recycling is to be preferred. This situation was analysed using selected product and waste streams. This included refrigerators, paper, polyethylene films and expanded polystyrene. For each of these streams, a life cycle analysis was conducted with an emphasis on waste transport. The system boundaries were set in terms of the generation of waste to recycling or landfilling. The comparison included several scenarios with recycling and different transport distances. Landfilling was used as the reference scenario. The results obtained demonstrated how transport distances influence the ecological benefit of recycling. In the case of expanded polystyrene, the ecological boundaries are reached in practical situations, while with other materials these boundaries are far from being attained. In these cases, more complex and elaborate collection schemes, such as kerbside collection, which is economically convenient and shows the highest collection rates, can also be recommended.
随着西欧现代废物管理系统的发展，人们观察到废物运输距离显著增加。因此出现了一个问题，即运输距离更长的回收利用在生态上是否具有优势，或者是否更倾向于不进行回收的处置方式。利用选定的产品和废物流对这种情况进行了分析。这包括冰箱、纸张、聚乙烯薄膜和发泡聚苯乙烯。对于这些废物流中的每一种，都进行了生命周期分析，重点是废物运输。系统边界是根据废物产生到回收或填埋来设定的。比较包括几种回收利用和不同运输距离的情景。填埋被用作参考情景。获得的结果表明了运输距离如何影响回收利用的生态效益。在发泡聚苯乙烯的情况下，在实际情况中达到了生态边界，而对于其他材料，这些边界远未达到。在这些情况下，也可以推荐更复杂、更精细的收集方案，例如路边收集，它在经济上方便且收集率最高。
