Trollor Julian N, Anderson Tracy M, Sachdev Perminder S, Brodaty Henry, Andrews Gavin
Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2007 Jun;15(6):455-66. doi: 10.1097/JGP.0b013e3180590ba9.
To describe the 1- and 12-month prevalence of mental disorders, their demographic correlates, and their impact on service utilization and disability in individuals 65 years of age and over in a comprehensive epidemiological survey of mental health in Australia.
A noninstitutionalized national probability sample of elderly Australian residents was interviewed as part of the Australian National Mental Health and Well-being Survey (NMHWS). The prevalence of International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition mental disorders was estimated from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and other screening instruments.
Of 1,792 elderly NMHWS respondents, 13% reported symptoms consistent with a mental disorder in the past 1 month, and 16% reported symptoms consistent with a mental disorder in the past 12 months. Women experienced higher rates of affective disorders and generalized anxiety disorder and had lower rates of substance abuse compared with men. After excluding cognitive disorder, increasing age was associated with less likelihood of having symptoms of any mental disorder. Older age and never having been married were associated with less likelihood of having symptoms of an affective disorder. Those with cognitive impairment were more likely to have had symptoms consistent with an affective disorder. Comorbidity was predictive of increasing disability on the 12-item Short Form but rates of mental health consultation were low, even for those with multiple disorders.
Community-dwelling elderly Australians experience substantial rates of mental disorders. Demographic correlates of mental disorder in this elderly population appear to differ from those established in younger populations. Mental disorder in elderly Australians is associated with significant disability, but rates of specialist mental health consultation is low, even for those with multiple comorbidities. The reasons for this must be examined.
在澳大利亚心理健康综合流行病学调查中，描述65岁及以上人群精神障碍的1个月和12个月患病率、其人口统计学相关因素，以及它们对服务利用和残疾的影响。
作为澳大利亚国家心理健康与幸福调查（NMHWS）的一部分，对澳大利亚老年居民的非机构化全国概率样本进行了访谈。根据《国际疾病分类》第十版和《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版，通过综合国际诊断访谈和其他筛查工具估算精神障碍的患病率。
在1792名参与NMHWS的老年受访者中，13%报告在过去1个月内有与精神障碍相符的症状，16%报告在过去12个月内有与精神障碍相符的症状。与男性相比，女性情感障碍和广泛性焦虑症的患病率较高，物质滥用的患病率较低。排除认知障碍后，年龄增长与出现任何精神障碍症状的可能性降低相关。年龄较大且从未结婚与出现情感障碍症状的可能性降低相关。有认知障碍的人更有可能出现与情感障碍相符的症状。共病可预测12项简短形式上残疾程度的增加，但心理健康咨询率较低，即使是患有多种疾病的人也是如此。
居住在社区的澳大利亚老年人精神障碍患病率较高。该老年人群中精神障碍的人口统计学相关因素似乎与年轻人群中已确定因素不同。澳大利亚老年人的精神障碍与严重残疾相关，但即使是患有多种合并症的人，专科心理健康咨询率也较低。必须对此原因进行研究。
