Klein N C
Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, NY 11501.
Semin Respir Infect. 1991 Sep;6(3):131-5.
The fluoroquinolones have excellent activity against a number of respiratory pathogens, especially gram-negative bacteria, including beta-lactamase-producing Hemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. Several studies have shown ciprofloxacin to be effective in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, some community-acquired and nosocomial pneumonia, and acute exacerbations of bronchopulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis. The fluoroquinolones have less activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and limited anaerobic activity, which should limit the use of these drugs in empiric therapy of community-acquired pneumonia where the pneumococcus or anaerobes play a predominant role.
氟喹诺酮类药物对多种呼吸道病原体具有优异的活性,特别是革兰氏阴性菌,包括产β-内酰胺酶的流感嗜血杆菌和卡他莫拉菌。多项研究表明,环丙沙星可有效治疗慢性支气管炎急性加重、某些社区获得性和医院获得性肺炎以及囊性纤维化患者的支气管肺部感染急性加重。氟喹诺酮类药物对肺炎链球菌的活性较低,厌氧活性有限,这应限制这些药物在肺炎链球菌或厌氧菌起主要作用的社区获得性肺炎经验性治疗中的使用。