McAuley E, Motl R W, Morris K S, Hu L, Doerksen S E, Elavsky S, Konopack J F
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Mult Scler. 2007 Jun;13(5):652-9. doi: 10.1177/1352458506072188. Epub 2007 Feb 9.
Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are more sedentary than the general population, increasing their propensity for reduced functional ability, mobility, and activities of daily living. Self-efficacy has been one of the most consistent determinants of physical activity across populations, including those with MS. However, no studies exist that have attempted to influence self-efficacy in MS patients, in an effort to improve physical activity participation. We conducted a three-month randomised, controlled trial (n=26), contrasting the effects of an efficacy-enhancement exercise condition and a control exercise condition on exercise adherence, well-being, and affective responses to exercise. Analyses indicated that individuals in the efficacy enhancement condition attended more exercise sessions, reported greater levels of well-being and exertion, and felt better following exercise than individuals in the standard care condition. Regardless of treatment condition, individuals with a stronger sense of exercise self-efficacy, who reported more enjoyment following the exercise sessions, demonstrated significantly greater adherence with the exercise program. We believe this to be the first empirical attempt to change physical activity behavior in persons with MS using a well-established theoretical framework to drive the intervention. Continued examination of self-efficacy as a determinant of behavior change in individuals with MS is needed.
患有多发性硬化症（MS）的个体比普通人群久坐不动的时间更长，这增加了他们功能能力、活动能力和日常生活活动能力下降的倾向。自我效能感一直是不同人群（包括患有MS的人群）体育活动最一致的决定因素之一。然而，目前还没有研究试图影响MS患者的自我效能感，以提高他们对体育活动的参与度。我们进行了一项为期三个月的随机对照试验（n = 26），对比了效能增强运动条件和对照运动条件对运动坚持性、幸福感以及对运动的情感反应的影响。分析表明，效能增强条件组的个体参加的锻炼课程更多，报告的幸福感和运动强度水平更高，并且在运动后感觉比标准护理条件组的个体更好。无论治疗条件如何，运动自我效能感更强、在锻炼课程后报告更多愉悦感的个体，对锻炼计划的坚持性明显更高。我们认为这是首次尝试使用成熟的理论框架推动干预措施，来改变MS患者的体育活动行为。需要继续研究自我效能感作为MS患者行为改变决定因素的情况。
