Morgan Glen D, Backinger Cathy L, Leischow Scott J
Tobacco-Control Research Branch, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Jun;16(6):1077-80. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0928.
Recent epidemiologic data on the stabilization of adult and youth smoking rates underscore the need for vigorous research across the cancer control spectrum on tobacco use interventions. The steady decline in adult rates of smoking has stalled for the first time in 8 years, and certain race, ethnic, and population groups are disproportionately at risk to tobacco-related cancers because of disparities in tobacco use or access to effective interventions. Although substantial progress has been made across levels of basic through applied research, tobacco-control research across the discovery and delivery continuum must be accelerated to further reduce the cancer burden. Following a brief review of the prevalence and trends affecting tobacco use initiation and cessation, we identify and describe four domains of extraordinary research opportunities: genetics and gene-environment interactions, bioinformatics and health informatics, disparities and disproportionate risk, and prevention and treatment. Evolutionary scientific changes, like rapidly advancing technology and emphasis on the paradigm of team science research approaches, provide both a challenge as well as unparalleled opportunities for scientific advancement and public health progress.
近期有关成人和青少年吸烟率趋于稳定的流行病学数据凸显了在癌症控制领域全面开展烟草使用干预研究的必要性。成人吸烟率在8年来首次停止稳步下降，由于烟草使用或获得有效干预措施方面存在差异，某些种族、族裔和人群患烟草相关癌症的风险格外高。尽管在从基础研究到应用研究的各个层面都取得了重大进展，但仍必须加快在发现和推广全过程的控烟研究，以进一步减轻癌症负担。在简要回顾影响烟草使用起始和戒烟的流行情况及趋势之后，我们确定并描述了四个具有特别研究机会的领域：遗传学和基因-环境相互作用、生物信息学和健康信息学、差异和不成比例的风险，以及预防和治疗。不断演变的科学变革，如迅速发展的技术以及对团队科学研究方法范式的重视，既带来了挑战，也为科学进步和公共卫生进展提供了前所未有的机遇。
