Assessment of functional anatomy of the mitral valve in patients with mitral regurgitation with cine magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with transesophageal echocardiography and surgical results.

The ability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to accurately define the functional anatomy of mitral regurgitation was assessed. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and cine MRI were performed on 43 patients with mitral regurgitation and were compared for the jet number, location, direction and presence of a prolapse (atrial displacement, malapposition or a flail). In 36 patients, diagnostic accuracy in reference to surgery was assessed. Comparing TEE and MRI the jet number and location were judged in concordance in 86% of patients. Jet location did not show a significant difference (Wilcoxon: P = 0.66) and both modalities correlated strongly (Spearman: r = 0.68, P<0.0001). Jet direction was judged with high concordance (kappa=0.63). Additionally, prolapse evaluation showed high concordance (kappa: valve, 0.63; anterior mitral leaflet, 0.70; posterior mitral leaflet, 0.73). Compared with surgery, the sensitivity for the detection of malapposition of any leaflet or one of both leaflets ranged between 75% and 93% for TEE and 71% and 89% for MRI. Specificities ranged between 88 and 96% for TEE and 88 and 100% for MRI. TEE detected torn chordae in all ten patients, six of which were missed by MRI. MRI is comparable with TEE in prolapse and jet evaluation. MRI is inferior to TEE in depicting anatomical details such as torn chordae.