Fowke Jay H
Division of Internal Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-8300, USA.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2007 Aug;16(4):348-56. doi: 10.1097/01.cej.0000236258.80522.fb.
Chemical carcinogens derived from cigarettes and other tobacco products, as well as betel quid, paan, and alcohol consumption, are commonly associated with head and neck cancer risk. This is a particularly debilitating cancer, with a high recurrence rate and long-term treatment comorbidities affecting health and lifestyle. Controlling tobacco access or use may be an ideal prevention strategy but may also be challenging or undesired. Individuals, however, may be able to reduce their risk through simple and focused dietary change. Results from epidemiologic studies, basic research, and clinical investigations suggest that a diet rich in cruciferous vegetables may increase carcinogen metabolism, induce apoptosis, and reduce the risk of developing a primary head and neck tumor. This review briefly summarizes head and neck cancer nutritional epidemiology, and then describes the biochemical and epidemiologic literature describing the effects of crucifer consumption on head and neck carcinogenesis. To translate these findings, the strengths and limitations of specific intervention models are discussed, including differences in target populations and the choice of a food-based or pill-based approach for intervention. Addressing these factors in a future intervention may define a low-cost and non-toxic approach to reduce the burden of head and neck cancer.
源自香烟及其他烟草制品、槟榔、蒌叶以及酒精摄入的化学致癌物，通常与头颈癌风险相关。这是一种特别使人衰弱的癌症，复发率高，长期治疗带来的合并症会影响健康和生活方式。控制烟草的获取或使用可能是理想的预防策略，但也可能具有挑战性或不为人所期望。然而，个人或许能够通过简单且有针对性的饮食改变来降低风险。流行病学研究、基础研究及临床调查的结果表明，富含十字花科蔬菜的饮食可能会增强致癌物代谢、诱导细胞凋亡，并降低患原发性头颈肿瘤的风险。本综述简要总结了头颈癌营养流行病学，然后描述了阐述食用十字花科植物对头颈癌发生影响的生化及流行病学文献。为解读这些研究结果，讨论了特定干预模型的优势与局限性，包括目标人群的差异以及干预时基于食物或基于药丸方法的选择。在未来的干预中考虑这些因素，可能会确定一种低成本且无毒的方法来减轻头颈癌的负担。
