Goubet Nathalie, Strasbaugh Kathleen, Chesney Jennifer
Department of Psychology, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, PA 17325, USA.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2007 Jun;28(3):189-94. doi: 10.1097/dbp.0b013e31802d0b8d.
This study tested the effects of familiar and unfamiliar odors during a heel stick in full-term newborns.
Forty-four newborns were exposed to vanillin (via their mother or via their crib) or no odor prior to a heel stick. On the day of the heel stick, infants were either exposed to a familiar odor, an unfamiliar odor, or no odor before, during, and after the procedure. Crying, grimacing, and oral movements were scored.
Infants exposed to a familiar odor displayed little distress and more oral movements during the procedure compared to the unfamiliar group. No advantage was found when infants were exposed to an odor learned via their mother compared to when the odor was learned via the crib. Exposure to an unfamiliar odor did not lessen distress compared to exposure to no odor.
A familiar odor is effective in significantly reducing crying and grimacing during a minor painful procedure. Olfactory support is a useful intervention that may potentially help minimize deleterious effects of neonatal pain.
本研究测试了足月新生儿足跟采血时熟悉气味和不熟悉气味的影响。
44名新生儿在足跟采血前接触香草醛（通过其母亲或通过婴儿床）或不接触任何气味。在足跟采血当天，婴儿在操作前、操作期间和操作后分别接触熟悉气味、不熟悉气味或不接触任何气味。对哭闹、面部表情和口腔动作进行评分。
与不熟悉气味组相比，接触熟悉气味的婴儿在操作过程中表现出的痛苦较少，口腔动作较多。与通过婴儿床接触气味相比，通过母亲接触气味的婴儿没有优势。与不接触气味相比，接触不熟悉气味并没有减轻痛苦。
熟悉的气味能有效显著减少轻微疼痛操作过程中的哭闹和面部表情。嗅觉支持是一种有用的干预措施，可能有助于将新生儿疼痛的有害影响降至最低。
