Swain J E, Smith G D
Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0617, USA.
Soc Reprod Fertil Suppl. 2007;63:343-58.
The mammalian oocyte is notorious for high rates of chromosomal abnormalities. This results in subsequent embryonic aneuploidy, resulting in infertility and congenital defects. Therefore, understanding regulatory mechanisms involved in chromatin remodeling and chromosome segregation during oocyte meiotic maturation is imperative to fully understand the complex process and establish potential therapies. This review will focus on major events occurring during oocyte meiosis, critical to ensure proper cellular ploidy. Mechanistic and cellular events such as chromosome condensation, meiotic spindle formation, as well as cohesion of homologues and sister chromatids will be discussed, focusing on the role of reversible phosphorylation in control of these processes.
哺乳动物卵母细胞因染色体异常率高而声名狼藉。这会导致随后的胚胎非整倍体，进而导致不孕和先天性缺陷。因此，了解卵母细胞减数分裂成熟过程中涉及染色质重塑和染色体分离的调控机制，对于全面理解这一复杂过程并建立潜在治疗方法至关重要。本综述将聚焦于卵母细胞减数分裂过程中发生的主要事件，这些事件对于确保细胞倍性正常至关重要。将讨论诸如染色体凝聚、减数分裂纺锤体形成以及同源染色体和姐妹染色单体的黏连等机制和细胞事件，重点关注可逆磷酸化在这些过程控制中的作用。
