Iritani Bonita J, Hallfors Denise Dion, Bauer Daniel J
Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
Addiction. 2007 Jul;102(7):1102-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01847.x.
To examine the prevalence and correlates of crystal methamphetamine use among young adults in the USA.
Cross-sectional analyses of nationally representative data of young adults from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health).
In-home interviews conducted in 2001-02.
A total of 14,322 respondents aged 18-26 years.
Past year and 30-day crystal methamphetamine use; crime/violence (ever arrested, past year drug selling, past year violent behavior) and sexual risk behaviors (multiple partners, poor condom use, regretted sex, sex for money).
Prevalence of past year crystal methamphetamine use was 2.8%; past month was 1.3%. White or Native American race, residence in the west or south, having an ever-incarcerated father, marijuana, cocaine, intravenous drug use and high novelty seeking were associated with greater likelihood of past year use in multivariate analyses. Compared to marijuana and cocaine users, crystal methamphetamine users were more likely to be male, unemployed, reside in the west or south, have an ever-incarcerated father and less likely to be black or Hispanic. Frequent users were no different from occasional users, except being more likely to have dropped out of school. Although crystal methamphetamine use was associated with crime and risky sex, controlling for covariates greatly diminished this relationship.
Most users are occasional users, but any past year use is associated with risky and antisocial behaviors, including other illicit drug use. Further research is needed to examine how other drug addiction is associated with methamphetamine use, and to identify longitudinal antecedents for prevention.
研究美国年轻人中冰毒使用情况的普遍性及其相关因素。
对来自青少年健康全国纵向研究（“Add Health”）的具有全国代表性的年轻人数据进行横断面分析。
2001年至2002年进行的入户访谈。
共有14322名年龄在18至26岁之间的受访者。
过去一年及过去30天内冰毒的使用情况；犯罪/暴力行为（曾被捕、过去一年毒品销售、过去一年暴力行为）以及性风险行为（多个性伴侣、避孕套使用不当、后悔发生性行为、以性换钱）。
过去一年冰毒使用率为2.8%；过去一个月为1.3%。在多变量分析中，白人或美洲原住民、居住在西部或南部、父亲曾入狱、使用大麻、可卡因、静脉注射毒品以及高新奇寻求倾向与过去一年使用冰毒的可能性更大相关。与大麻和可卡因使用者相比，冰毒使用者更可能为男性、失业、居住在西部或南部、父亲曾入狱，而不太可能是黑人或西班牙裔。频繁使用者与偶尔使用者没有差异，只是更可能辍学。尽管冰毒使用与犯罪和危险性行为相关，但在控制协变量后，这种关系大大减弱。
大多数使用者为偶尔使用者，但过去一年的任何使用都与包括其他非法药物使用在内的危险和反社会行为相关。需要进一步研究以考察其他药物成瘾如何与冰毒使用相关联，并确定预防的纵向先行因素。
