Weems Carl F, Watts Sarah E, Marsee Monica A, Taylor Leslie K, Costa Natalie M, Cannon Melinda F, Carrion Victor G, Pina Armando A
Department of Psychology, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA.
Behav Res Ther. 2007 Oct;45(10):2295-306. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2007.04.013. Epub 2007 May 10.
This study tested a contextual model of disaster reaction by examining regional differences in the psychosocial impact of Hurricane Katrina. A total of 386 individuals participated in this study. All were recruited in the primary areas affected by Hurricane Katrina and included residents of metropolitan New Orleans (Orleans Parish, Louisiana), Greater New Orleans (i.e., Metairie, Kenner, Gretna), and the Mississippi Gulf Coast (i.e., cities along the coast from Waveland to Ocean Springs, Mississippi). Participants were assessed for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, other psychological symptoms, perceptions of discrimination, perceptions of social support, evacuation distance, and the extent to which they experienced hurricane-related stressful events. Results were consistent with previous research on the impact of disasters on mental health symptoms. Findings extended research on individual differences in the response to trauma and indicated that regional context predicted unique variance in the experience of discrimination, social support, and emotional symptoms consistent with the theoretical model presented.
本研究通过考察卡特里娜飓风心理社会影响的区域差异，对一种灾难反应情境模型进行了测试。共有386人参与了本研究。所有参与者均在受卡特里娜飓风影响的主要地区招募，包括新奥尔良市区（路易斯安那州奥尔良教区）、大新奥尔良地区（即梅泰里、肯纳、格雷特纳）以及密西西比湾沿岸地区（即从密西西比州韦夫兰到海洋斯普林斯沿岸的城市）。对参与者进行了创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状、其他心理症状、歧视感知、社会支持感知、疏散距离以及他们经历与飓风相关应激事件程度的评估。结果与先前关于灾难对心理健康症状影响的研究一致。研究结果扩展了关于创伤反应个体差异的研究，并表明区域背景预测了与所提出的理论模型一致的歧视体验、社会支持和情绪症状方面的独特差异。
