Hadders-Algra Mijna
Department of Neurology, Institute of Developmental Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2007;31(8):1181-90. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2007.04.009. Epub 2007 May 5.
During the last decade it has become clear that the assessment of the quality of general movements (GMs) in foetus and young infant is a sensitive tool to evaluate the integrity of the young nervous system. GMs are movements in which all parts of the body participate. The hallmark of typical GMs is movement complexity and variation; in abnormal GMs movement complexity and variation is reduced or absent. Abnormal GMs may predict developmental outcome. Prediction on the basis of longitudinal series of GM assessments is best. Second best is prediction on the basis of an assessment at 'fidgety' GM age, i.e. at 2-4 months post-term. Definitely abnormal GMs at 'fidgety' age are related to cerebral palsy, mildly abnormal GMs to minor neurological dysfunction at school age. In the present paper the hypothesis is advanced that GM complexity and variation are brought about by the transiently present cortical subplate and that abnormal GMs are the result of damage or dysfunction of the subplate and its efferent motor connections in the periventricular white matter.
在过去十年中，已明确胎儿和婴幼儿的全身运动（GMs）质量评估是评估幼儿神经系统完整性的敏感工具。全身运动是身体各部位都参与的运动。典型全身运动的标志是运动的复杂性和变化性；异常的全身运动中运动复杂性和变化性降低或缺失。异常的全身运动可能预测发育结果。基于一系列连续的全身运动评估进行预测效果最佳。其次是基于“不安运动”月龄（即足月后2至4个月）的评估进行预测。“不安运动”月龄时明确异常的全身运动与脑瘫有关，轻度异常的全身运动与学龄期轻度神经功能障碍有关。在本文中，我们提出一个假说，即全身运动的复杂性和变化性是由短暂存在的皮质下板层引起的，而异常的全身运动是室周白质中板层及其传出运动连接受损或功能障碍的结果。
