老年人流感和肺炎球菌疫苗接种的决定因素：一项系统综述
Determinants of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in elderly people: a systematic review.
作者信息
Kohlhammer Y, Schnoor M, Schwartz M, Raspe H, Schäfer T
机构信息
Institute of Social Medicine, Medical University Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Beckergrube 43-47, D-23552 Lübeck, Germany.
出版信息
Public Health. 2007 Oct;121(10):742-51. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2007.02.011. Epub 2007 Jun 18.
OBJECTIVES
Despite strong national and international recommendations on immunization practices, rates for influenza (IV) and pneumococcal vaccinations (PV) are low. We aimed to review international immunization rates and to analyze attitudes and beliefs regarding IV and PV.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review.
METHOD
The MEDLINE database search comprised articles from 1966 to October 2005. Fourteen surveys evaluating a total number of 49292 participants in nine different countries were included into the analysis.
RESULTS
Vaccination rates among risk groups do vary significantly between different countries, reaching highest rates in the USA (IV, 82%; PV, 71%) and lowest in former West-Germany for IV (37%) and in Israel for PV (20%). Recommendations by doctors play a central role in promoting IV and PV. The main reason for not being vaccinated was lack of information.
CONCLUSION
Specific strategies targeted at groups are needed to increase the knowledge of IV and PV, and thereby decrease incidences of acute lung diseases.
目的
尽管国家和国际上对免疫接种做法有强有力的建议，但流感疫苗（IV）和肺炎球菌疫苗（PV）的接种率仍然很低。我们旨在回顾国际免疫接种率，并分析关于IV和PV的态度和信念。
研究设计
系统评价。
方法
对MEDLINE数据库进行检索，纳入1966年至2005年10月的文章。分析中纳入了14项调查，这些调查共评估了9个不同国家的49292名参与者。
结果
不同国家间风险人群的疫苗接种率差异显著，美国的接种率最高（IV，82%；PV，71%），前西德的IV接种率最低（37%），以色列的PV接种率最低（20%）。医生的建议在促进IV和PV接种方面起着核心作用。未接种疫苗的主要原因是信息不足。
结论
需要针对特定人群制定策略，以增加对IV和PV的了解，从而降低急性肺部疾病的发病率。
Zotero 插件