Lesch A, Swartz L, Kagee A, Moodley K, Kafaar Z, Myer L, Cotton M
Department of Psychology, University of Stellenbosch, Matieland, South Africa.
AIDS Care. 2007 Jul;19(6):811-6. doi: 10.1080/09540120601129301.
As antiretroviral therapy becomes more widely available in low-resource settings and children with HIV/AIDS live for longer periods, disclosure of HIV diagnosis to infected children is becoming increasingly important. This article reviews the current literature on HIV-related disclosure in light of theories of cognitive development, and argues for the adoption of a process-oriented approach to discussing HIV with infected children. Disclosure presents unique challenges to healthcare workers and caregivers of children with HIV/AIDS that include controlling the flow of information about the child's HIV status to him/her and deciding on what is in his/her best interest. Health care workers' and caregivers' views regarding disclosure to children may often be contradictory, with healthcare workers likely to support disclosing the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS to children and caregivers more reluctant to discuss the disease with them. There is a clear need for practical interventions to support paediatric HIV disclosure which provide children with age-appropriate information about the disease.
随着抗逆转录病毒疗法在资源匮乏地区越来越普及，感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的儿童存活时间更长，向受感染儿童披露艾滋病毒诊断结果变得越来越重要。本文根据认知发展理论回顾了当前有关艾滋病毒相关披露的文献，并主张采用以过程为导向的方法与受感染儿童讨论艾滋病毒问题。披露信息给艾滋病毒/艾滋病儿童的医护人员和照顾者带来了独特的挑战，包括控制关于儿童艾滋病毒状况的信息流向他/她，并决定什么对他/她最有利。医护人员和照顾者对于向儿童披露信息的观点往往相互矛盾，医护人员可能支持向儿童披露艾滋病毒/艾滋病诊断结果，而照顾者则更不愿意与他们讨论这种疾病。显然需要实际干预措施来支持儿科艾滋病毒信息披露，为儿童提供适合其年龄的有关该疾病的信息。
