Rosenbaum J F, Biederman J, Hirshfeld D R, Bolduc E A, Chaloff J
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1991 Nov;52 Suppl:5-9.
A biological-environmental interaction currently provides the best explanation of an anxiety disorder's evolution. In this sense, anxiety disorders are like other medical disorders for which a person may have a predisposition. Our knowledge of the evolution of anxiety disorders would be enhanced by the ability to identify those persons predisposed to anxiety and to identify such "proneness" before an anxiety disorder emerges in adulthood. We discuss the developmental aspects of panic disorder and social phobia, in particular findings suggesting that behavioral inhibition in children may be a precursor to phobic disorders in adults. Only longitudinal studies will resolve whether childhood response patterns are specifically linked to the risk of developing anxiety disorders or other psychopathology across the life cycle. In the interim, we suggest some guidelines for parents and clinicians to meet the unique needs of the inhibited child.
生物 - 环境相互作用目前为焦虑症的演变提供了最佳解释。从这个意义上说，焦虑症与其他医学疾病类似，一个人可能对这些疾病具有易感性。如果能够识别出那些易患焦虑症的人，并在焦虑症在成年期出现之前识别出这种“易感性”，我们对焦虑症演变的认识将会得到加强。我们讨论惊恐障碍和社交恐惧症的发展方面，特别是一些研究结果表明，儿童期的行为抑制可能是成人期恐惧症的先兆。只有纵向研究才能确定儿童期的反应模式是否与整个生命周期中患焦虑症或其他精神病理学的风险有特定联系。在此期间，我们为家长和临床医生提供一些指导方针，以满足行为抑制型儿童的特殊需求。
