Peretti V, Ciotola F, Albarella S, Russo V, Di Meo G P, Iannuzzi L, Roperto F, Barbieri V
Department of Animal Science and Food Inspection, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Mutagenesis. 2007 Sep;22(5):317-20. doi: 10.1093/mutage/gem019. Epub 2007 Jun 16.
Chronic enzootic haematuria (CEH) is a severe syndrome due to prolonged ingestion of toxic principles of bracken fern, such as quercetin and ptaquiloside. Little information is available on chromosomal instability of cattle with access to bracken fern and suffering from CEH. In the present study, 45 cattle, aged from 7 to 12 years and pastured in the south of Italy, were cytogenetically investigated for the first time in search of both chromosomal aberrations (aneuploidy, gaps, chromatid breaks, chromosome breaks and fragments) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs). Of these animals, 30 (group 1) had access to bracken fern and showed signs of CEH, and 15 (group 2; control) did not. Percentage of abnormal cells (aneuploidy, chromatid breaks, chromosome breaks and fragments) was higher in animals affected by CEH (34.7%, group 1) than that (24.3%) reached in the control (group 2). The same results were achieved when including gaps. Indeed, the mean number of cells with structural aberrations excluding gaps (chromatid breaks, chromosome breaks and fragments) per cell was higher (P<0.001) in animals affected by CEH (0.16+/-0.36) than that (0.09+/-0.29) found in the control. Chromosome fragility in cells of animals affected by CEH was also confirmed when applying the SCE test: statistically higher levels (P<0.001) of SCEs were observed in animals with CEH (7.35+/-3.59 SCE/cell, group 1) than those in the control (5.40+/-2.68 SCE/cell).
慢性地方性血尿症（CEH）是一种严重的综合征，起因是长期摄入蕨类植物中的有毒成分，如槲皮素和ptaquiloside。关于接触蕨类植物并患有CEH的牛的染色体不稳定性，目前所知甚少。在本研究中，首次对45头年龄在7至12岁、在意大利南部放牧的牛进行了细胞遗传学研究，以寻找染色体畸变（非整倍体、裂隙、染色单体断裂、染色体断裂和片段）和姐妹染色单体交换（SCEs）。在这些动物中，30头（第1组）可以接触到蕨类植物并表现出CEH的症状，15头（第2组；对照组）则没有。受CEH影响的动物（第1组）中异常细胞（非整倍体、染色单体断裂、染色体断裂和片段）的百分比（34.7%）高于对照组（第2组）达到的百分比（24.3%）。包括裂隙时也得到了相同的结果。实际上，受CEH影响的动物（0.16±0.36）每个细胞中不包括裂隙（染色单体断裂、染色体断裂和片段）的结构畸变细胞的平均数高于对照组（0.09±0.29）（P<0.001）。当应用SCE试验时，也证实了受CEH影响的动物细胞中的染色体脆性：在患有CEH的动物（第1组，7.35±3.59 SCE/细胞）中观察到的SCEs水平在统计学上高于对照组（5.40±2.68 SCE/细胞）（P<0.001）。
