Nogi Akiko, Yang Jianjun, Li Limei, Yamasaki Masayuki, Watanabe Mamiko, Hashimoto Michio, Shiwaku Kuninori
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan.
J Occup Health. 2007 May;49(3):205-16. doi: 10.1539/joh.49.205.
The favorable role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been demonstrated in animal experiments and in humans in Western countries, but its effect remains controversial in Asian populations. An observational study of Japanese, Koreans and Mongolians with extended histories of remarkably different frequencies of fish intake was conducted to examine whether differences in plasma n-3 PUFA affects CVD risk factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study in workplace settings and determined body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fatty acid composition in plasma. A total of 411 Japanese, 418 Korean and 252 Mongolian workers aged 30-60 yr participated in this study. The Japanese ate fish more frequently and had remarkably higher values of eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and n-3 PUFA, and lower values of BMI and HOMA-IR, followed by the Koreans, and then the Mongolians. In age groups, the Japanese and Koreans showed a similar tendency of increase in n-3 PUFA with increasing age. General linear measurement multivariate analysis after adjustment for gender, age, smoking, drinking, exercise habits and BMI showed n-3 PUFA was associated with HDL-C and TG in the Japanese, while it was associated with systolic blood pressure in the Koreans, and TG in the Mongolians. In conclusion, an increase in n-3 PUFA was associated with HDL-C and TG in the Japanese and Mongolians, but these beneficial effects were not constant across the three Asian ethnic groups.
n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）在心血管疾病（CVD）中的有益作用已在西方国家的动物实验和人体研究中得到证实，但其在亚洲人群中的作用仍存在争议。我们对鱼类摄入量频率差异显著且历史悠久的日本人、韩国人和蒙古人进行了一项观察性研究，以检验血浆n-3 PUFA的差异是否会影响CVD危险因素。我们在工作场所进行了一项横断面研究，测定了体重指数（BMI）、血压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯（TG）、血糖、胰岛素、稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）以及血浆中的脂肪酸组成。共有411名年龄在30至60岁之间的日本工人、418名韩国工人和252名蒙古工人参与了这项研究。日本人吃鱼更频繁，二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸和n-3 PUFA的值显著更高，BMI和HOMA-IR的值更低，其次是韩国人，然后是蒙古人。在各年龄组中，日本人和韩国人都表现出随着年龄增长n-3 PUFA增加的相似趋势。在对性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒、运动习惯和BMI进行调整后的一般线性测量多变量分析显示，n-3 PUFA在日本人中与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和甘油三酯（TG）相关，在韩国人中与收缩压相关，在蒙古人中与甘油三酯相关。总之，n-3 PUFA的增加在日本人和蒙古人中与HDL-C和TG相关，但这些有益作用在这三个亚洲种族群体中并不一致。
