Faye Cathy
Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Hist Psychol. 2007 Feb;10(1):1-21. doi: 10.1037/1093-4510.10.1.1.
Throughout the early 1940s, a host of rumors relating to the Second World War began to circulate, leading the government to establish various committees and undertake multiple projects intended to counteract rumors that were believed to threaten civilian morale and compromise national security. Simultaneously, social scientists also began taking measures to study and combat rumor. Such efforts included the institution of several community groups, deemed "rumor clinics," that aimed to decrease the prevalence of wartime rumor by educating the general public. This article outlines the rise and fall of rumor clinics, focusing specifically on the shifting boundaries and the mounting tensions between the United States government and social scientists in the study of rumor during World War II.
在整个20世纪40年代初期，一系列与第二次世界大战相关的谣言开始流传，这使得政府成立了各种委员会并开展了多个项目，旨在对抗那些被认为会威胁民众士气和危及国家安全的谣言。与此同时，社会科学家也开始采取措施研究和打击谣言。这些努力包括设立几个被称为“谣言诊所”的社区团体，其目的是通过教育普通大众来降低战时谣言的传播率。本文概述了谣言诊所的兴衰，特别关注二战期间美国政府和社会科学家在谣言研究中不断变化的界限和日益加剧的紧张关系。
