Smith Jessi L, Ruiz John M
Department of Psychology, Montana State University, MT 59717-3440, USA.
J Pers. 2007 Aug;75(4):679-708. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.2007.00453.x.
Interpersonal orientation (IO) generally refers to individual differences in preference for social interaction. The influence of IO, however, likely depends on the nature of complementarity within the interpersonal context. Using the interpersonal circumplex and Five-Factor Model, we first selected a measure of IO characterized by affiliation and neuroticism. Second, we examined the influence of IO on subjective, physiological, and nonverbal experiences as a function of experimentally manipulated complementarity or noncomplementarity. We hypothesized that women in noncomplementarity conditions (i.e., women low in IO working with a friendly confederate, women high in IO working with an unfriendly confederate) would experience the interpersonal situation more negatively compared to women in complementarity conditions. Study results confirmed this prediction, with noncomplementarity in IO resulting in greater physiological reactivity, greater likelihood to attempt nonverbally to restore complementarity, more partner-related thoughts, and a reduced desire to seek out attention compared to women working in complementarity conditions. Implications for research on IO as a person variable are discussed.
人际取向（IO）通常指个体在社交互动偏好上的差异。然而，IO的影响可能取决于人际情境中互补性的本质。我们首先使用人际环形模型和五因素模型，选择了一种以亲和性和神经质为特征的IO测量方法。其次，我们考察了作为实验操纵的互补性或非互补性函数的IO对主观、生理和非言语体验的影响。我们假设，与处于互补性条件下的女性相比，处于非互补性条件下的女性（即IO低的女性与友好的同盟者合作，IO高的女性与不友好的同盟者合作）会对人际情境有更消极的体验。研究结果证实了这一预测，与处于互补性条件下工作的女性相比，IO中的非互补性导致更大的生理反应性、更有可能试图通过非言语方式恢复互补性、更多与伙伴相关的想法以及寻求关注的欲望降低。本文讨论了将IO作为一个个体变量进行研究的意义。
