Taibah Salwa M, Feteih Rabab M
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
World J Orthod. 2007 Summer;8(2):145-52.
To evaluate and characterize the skeletodental morphology of anterior open-bite cases in the Saudi Arabian population and the differences between males and females.
Cephalometric characteristics of 111 (58 females, 53 males) subjects with anterior open bite were compared with 60 (30 females and 30 males) control subjects. Both open-bite and control subjects were patients in the orthodontic department at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. The inclusion criterion for open-bite subjects was the presence of at least 1-mm anterior open bite. For control subjects, the criteria were orthognathic profile with a Class I molar and canine relationship. All cephalometric radiographs were digitized.
Both female and male open-bite subjects showed a significant increase in the lower anterior facial height, mandibular plane angle, gonial angle, Y-axis, mandibular occlusal plane to SN angle, and a significant decrease in maxillary length. Both the maxilla and the mandible were in a retruded position in relation to the SN plane. In addition, the interincisal angle was significantly increased. However, all dental heights showed no significant differences between open-bite and control subjects. Gender differences were found only in the significantly decreased linear skeletal measurements and in mandibular anterior and posterior dental heights. Comparison between the results of this study and reported studies of other populations revealed insignificant differences in most of the measurements.
This study confirms previous studies that showed the openbite malocclusion is largely due to changes in the skeletal pattern.
评估并描述沙特阿拉伯人群前牙开颌病例的骨骼牙齿形态以及男女之间的差异。
将111名（58名女性，53名男性）前牙开颌患者的头影测量特征与60名（30名女性和30名男性）对照对象进行比较。开颌患者和对照对象均为沙特阿拉伯阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学正畸科的患者。开颌患者的纳入标准是存在至少1毫米的前牙开颌。对照对象的标准是具有I类磨牙和尖牙关系的正颌侧貌。所有头影测量X线片均进行了数字化处理。
女性和男性开颌患者的下前部面部高度、下颌平面角、下颌角、Y轴、下颌咬合平面与SN平面夹角均显著增加，上颌长度显著减小。相对于SN平面，上颌和下颌均处于后缩位置。此外，切牙间角显著增加。然而，开颌患者和对照对象之间所有牙齿高度均无显著差异。仅在显著减小的线性骨骼测量值以及下颌前后牙齿高度方面发现了性别差异。本研究结果与其他人群的报道研究之间的比较显示，大多数测量值差异不显著。
本研究证实了先前的研究，即前牙开颌错牙合主要是由于骨骼模式的改变。
