Schuckit M A
San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, California.
Recent Dev Alcohol. 1991;9:5-19.
This chapter reviews the identification, testing, and 8- to 12-year follow-up of 237 sons of alcoholic fathers and 237 controls (474 men). Subjects were selected from respondents to a questionnaire mailed to 18- to 25-year-old students and nonacademic staff at a university, with initial evaluations demonstrating few differences between sons of alcoholics and controls on quantity and frequency of drinking or many major life problems related to alcohol. The subset of 474 men actually tested in the laboratory also revealed few family history differences on personality attributes, including a lack of differential on the Type 1/Type 2 alcoholism scheme. Our laboratory has, however, consistently documented less intense responses to alcohol for the sons of alcoholics, findings consistent across subjective feelings, increases in body sway, and changes in several hormones and electrophysiological measures. This dampened response to ethanol for men at high future risk for alcoholism was not observed after challenges with two different doses of diazepam.
本章回顾了对237名酗酒父亲的儿子和237名对照者（共474名男性）进行的识别、测试以及8至12年的随访情况。研究对象是从一所大学18至25岁的学生和非学术人员中对问卷进行回复的人群中选取的，初步评估显示，酗酒者的儿子与对照者在饮酒量和饮酒频率或许多与酒精相关的主要生活问题上几乎没有差异。在实验室实际测试的474名男性子集中，在人格特质方面也几乎没有家族史差异，包括在1型/2型酒精中毒模式上没有差异。然而，我们实验室一直记录到酗酒者的儿子对酒精的反应较弱，这一发现贯穿主观感受、身体摇摆增加以及几种激素和电生理指标的变化。在用两种不同剂量的地西泮进行激发试验后，未观察到未来患酒精中毒风险较高的男性对乙醇的这种减弱反应。
