Büttner J
Institut für Klinische Chemie I, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1991 Dec 14;121(50):1853-61.
The scientific disciplines of laboratory medicine are analyzed from the point of view of history and the philosophy of science. The results of this study are the following: 1. Laboratory medicine is the name of a group of subjects which exist in an interdisciplinary area between medicine and science. 2. Historical development shows that these subjects arose in the 19th century when medicine adopted the "natural scientific method" and became "scientific medicine". 3. Clinical chemistry, as one example of these subjects, is analyzed in detail to understand the thinking process and the scientific method. This subject is, on the one hand, a "theoretical discipline" (like all of the natural sciences) but, on the other hand, it is a typical "practical scientific discipline" (which like clinical medicine is aimed at certain decisions and actions). 4. The disciplines of laboratory medicine have developed typical "professions" mainly because of their application in clinical practice and their commitment to patient care.
从历史和科学哲学的角度对检验医学的科学学科进行了分析。这项研究的结果如下：1. 检验医学是一组存在于医学与科学交叉领域的学科的名称。2. 历史发展表明，这些学科兴起于19世纪，当时医学采用了“自然科学方法”并成为“科学医学”。3. 以临床化学为例，对这些学科进行了详细分析，以了解其思维过程和科学方法。一方面，这门学科是一门“理论学科”（与所有自然科学一样），但另一方面，它又是一门典型的“应用科学学科”（与临床医学一样，旨在做出某些决策和采取行动）。4. 检验医学各学科主要因其在临床实践中的应用以及对患者护理的投入而发展出了典型的“专业”。
