Manfredi M T, Di Cerbo A R, Tranquillo V, Nassuato C, Pedrotti L, Piccolo G
Department of Animal Pathology, Hygiene and Public Health (DIPAV), Section of General Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Italy.
J Helminthol. 2007 Sep;81(3):247-53. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X07739032. Epub 2007 Jun 27.
The composition of the abomasal helminth fauna and parasite diversity were studied in 298 red deer collected during 1997-2000 from three different sectors (Bolzano, Trento and Sondrio provinces) of the Stelvio National Park, one of the main protected areas of north-eastern Italy. The association between parasite burdens and geographical areas of the hosts was assessed using the negative binomial regression. A variety of abomasal helminths, both host specific and generalist, was found in all sectors. The most commonly observed parasites were the Spiculopteragia spiculoptera morph spiculoptera and Ostertagia leptospicularis morph leptospicularis, with prevalences of 79.5% and 40.9%, respectively. The minor morphs S. spiculoptera morph mathevossiani (prevalence 31.9%) and O. leptospicularis morph kolchida (18.8%) occurred at lower prevalences. Teladorsagia circumcincta morph circumcincta, Marshallagia marshalli morph marshalli and Haemonchus contortus were rarer, at prevalences of 1, 1.3 and 1.3%, respectively. Deviance analysis of the negative binomial regression model shows that the geographical area is significantly related to parasite burdens (P = 0.001). Prevalences of hosts with parasites were greater in the Sondrio (odds ratio = 1.31; 95% confidence interval: 0.16-10.85) and smaller in the Trento (odds ratio = 0.62; 95% confidence interval: 0.20-1.96) sectors with respect to Bolzano, but these differences were not statistically significant. Possible cross-infections by more generalist parasites between wild and domestic animals were also suggested, as deer and domestic ruminants (Bovinae, Caprinae and Ovinae) used the same feeding areas of the park sectors.
1997年至2000年期间，从意大利东北部主要保护区之一的斯泰尔维奥国家公园的三个不同区域（博尔扎诺、特伦托和松德里奥省）收集了298头马鹿，研究了其皱胃蠕虫动物群的组成和寄生虫多样性。使用负二项式回归评估寄生虫负荷与宿主地理区域之间的关联。在所有区域都发现了多种皱胃蠕虫，包括宿主特异性和通用性的蠕虫。最常见的寄生虫是斯氏细颈线虫斯氏变种（Spiculopteragia spiculoptera morph spiculoptera）和细颈奥斯特线虫细颈变种（Ostertagia leptospicularis morph leptospicularis），感染率分别为79.5%和40.9%。斯氏细颈线虫马氏变种（S. spiculoptera morph mathevossiani）（感染率31.9%）和细颈奥斯特线虫科尔希达变种（O. leptospicularis morph kolchida）（18.8%）等次要变种的感染率较低。环形泰勒线虫环形变种（Teladorsagia circumcincta morph circumcincta）、马氏马歇尔线虫马氏变种（Marshallagia marshalli morph marshalli）和捻转血矛线虫（Haemonchus contortus）较为罕见，感染率分别为1%、1.3%和1.3%。负二项式回归模型的偏差分析表明，地理区域与寄生虫负荷显著相关（P = 0.001）。与博尔扎诺相比，松德里奥区域（优势比= 1.31；95%置信区间：0.16 - 10.85）有寄生虫的宿主感染率更高，特伦托区域（优势比= 0.62；95%置信区间：0.20 - 1.96）更低，但这些差异无统计学意义。由于鹿和家养反刍动物（牛科、山羊科和绵羊科）使用公园区域的相同觅食区，因此也有人提出更具通用性的寄生虫可能在野生动物和家畜之间发生交叉感染。
