Davidson Rebecca K, Kutz Susan J, Madslien Knut, Hoberg Eric, Handeland Kjell
Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Pb 750 Sentrum, NO-0106, Oslo, Norway.
Current address: HD-diagnostikk AS, Kalkbrennerveien 12, NO-1487, Hakadal, Norway.
Acta Vet Scand. 2014 Oct 8;56(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s13028-014-0059-x.
Thirteen red deer (Cervus elaphus), culled from the isolated population at the Mongstad Oil Refinery, Norway, were investigated for gastrointestinal helminths. These animals, enclosed by the refinery fence, do not have contact with other ruminants and have a high population density considering the available browsing area (1 km(2)) within the refinery site (3 km(2)). The population was estimated to be 110-130 at the time of culling.
The helminth fauna among these sampled red deer was enumerated and species were identified based on morphology. Ostertagia leptospicularis/O. kolchida was detected in 83% [CI 55 - 95%], Spiculopteragia spiculoptera/S. mathevossiani in 92% [CI 65 - 99%] and Trichostrongylus axei in 42%, [CI 19 - 68%] of the abomasa examined. Characterisation of the intestinal parasite fauna revealed Capillaria bovis, Cooperia oncophora, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Trichuris globulosa and tapeworm fragments (presumed anoplocephalids) in seven individuals. Only one calf had an infection with more than one intestinal helminth (tapeworm fragment and Trichuris globulosa). The remaining six deer had single species intestinal infections. No significant age related trends were seen, with the exception of higher intensity of infection of T. axei in yearlings relative to other age classes. Assessment of abomasal parasite burden and body condition revealed no significant trends. In calves, statistically non-significant correlation was seen between increased parasite burden and decreased slaughter weight, whilst the opposite was seen in adults with the heaviest adults exhibiting the higher burdens. Given the small sample size the trends that were seen need further investigation. The parasite burden was aggregated with three adult red deer harbouring 75% of the total abomasal parasite count.
This isolated population was parasitised by a reduced subset of gastrointestinal nematodes typical of this cervid across an extensive geographic range in Eurasia. The intensity and abundance of abomasal nematodes was higher in this isolated population than reported in similar studies of red deer populations across Europe.
对从挪威蒙斯塔德炼油厂隔离种群中扑杀的13只马鹿（ Cervus elaphus ）进行了胃肠道蠕虫调查。这些动物被炼油厂围栏围住，不与其他反刍动物接触，考虑到炼油厂场地（3平方公里）内的可用觅食区域（1平方公里），其种群密度很高。扑杀时估计种群数量为110 - 130只。
对这些采样马鹿的蠕虫区系进行了计数，并根据形态学鉴定了物种。在所检查的皱胃中，83%[置信区间55 - 95%]检测到细颈奥斯特线虫/科尔希达奥斯特线虫，92%[置信区间65 - 99%]检测到具刺细颈线虫/马氏细颈线虫，42%[置信区间19 - 68%]检测到斧形毛圆线虫。肠道寄生虫区系特征显示，7只个体感染了牛毛细线虫、牛古柏线虫、微小隐刺线虫、球形毛首线虫和绦虫片段（推测为无钩绦虫）。只有1只幼鹿感染了不止一种肠道蠕虫（绦虫片段和球形毛首线虫）。其余6只鹿为单一物种肠道感染。除一岁鹿相对于其他年龄组的斧形毛圆线虫感染强度较高外，未观察到与年龄相关的显著趋势。对皱胃寄生虫负荷和身体状况的评估未发现显著趋势。在幼鹿中，寄生虫负荷增加与屠宰体重降低之间存在统计学上不显著的相关性，而在成年鹿中则相反，最重的成年鹿寄生虫负荷更高。鉴于样本量较小，所观察到的趋势需要进一步研究。寄生虫负荷集中在3只成年马鹿身上，它们的皱胃寄生虫总数占75%。
在欧亚大陆广泛地理范围内，这个隔离种群被该鹿种典型的胃肠道线虫的一个减少的子集寄生。这个隔离种群中皱胃线虫的强度和丰度高于欧洲各地对马鹿种群的类似研究报告。
