Munyaneza J E, Crosslin J M, Upton J E
USDA-ARS, Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, Wapato, WA 98951, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2007 Jun;100(3):656-63. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[656:aobchp]2.0.co;2.
A new defect of potato, Solanum tuberosum L., "zebra chip," so named for the characteristic symptoms that develop in fried chips from infected potato tubers, has recently been documented in several southwestern states of the United States, in Mexico, and in Central America. This defect is causing millions of dollars in losses to both potato producers and processors. Zebra chip plant symptoms resemble those caused by potato purple top and psyllid yellows diseases. Experiments were conducted to elucidate the association between the psyllid Bactericera cockerelli (Sulc) (Homoptera: Psyllidae) and zebra chip by exposing clean potato plants to this insect under greenhouse and field conditions. Potato plants and tubers exhibiting zebra chip symptoms were tested for phytoplasmas by polymerase chain reaction. Potato psyllids collected from infected potato fields also were tested. Results indicated that there was an association between the potato psyllid and zebra chip. Plants exposed to psyllids in the greenhouse and field developed zebra chip. In the greenhouse, 25.8 and 59.2% of tubers exhibited zebra chip symptoms in the raw tubers and fried chips, respectively. In the field, 15 and 57% of tubers showed symptoms in raw tubers and chips, respectively. No zebra chip was observed in tubers from plants that had not been exposed to psyllids, either in the greenhouse or field. No phytoplasmas were detected from potato plants or tubers with zebra chip symptoms, suggesting that these pathogens are not involved in zebra chip. Of the 47 samples of potato psyllids tested, only two tested positive for the Columbia Basin potato purple top phytoplasma.
马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）出现了一种新病害“斑马薯片病”，因其感染块茎制成的炸薯片会出现特征性症状而得名。最近，美国西南部的几个州、墨西哥和中美洲都记录到了这种病害。这种病害给马铃薯种植者和加工商造成了数百万美元的损失。斑马薯片病植株的症状与马铃薯紫顶病和木虱黄化病相似。为了阐明木虱Bactericera cockerelli（Sulc）（半翅目：木虱科）与斑马薯片病之间的关联，在温室和田间条件下，将健康的马铃薯植株暴露于这种昆虫。对出现斑马薯片病症状的马铃薯植株和块茎进行聚合酶链反应检测植原体。还对从感染马铃薯田采集的马铃薯木虱进行了检测。结果表明，马铃薯木虱与斑马薯片病之间存在关联。在温室和田间接触木虱的植株出现了斑马薯片病。在温室中，分别有25.8%和59.2%的块茎在生块茎和炸薯片中出现斑马薯片病症状。在田间，分别有15%和57%的块茎在生块茎和薯片中出现症状。在温室或田间未接触木虱的植株的块茎中未观察到斑马薯片病症状。在出现斑马薯片病症状的马铃薯植株或块茎中未检测到植原体，这表明这些病原体与斑马薯片病无关。在检测的47份马铃薯木虱样本中，只有两份对哥伦比亚盆地马铃薯紫顶植原体检测呈阳性。
